Seegar W S, Schiller E L, Sladen W J, Trpis M
Science. 1976 Nov 12;194(4266):739-41. doi: 10.1126/science.982042.
The biting louse Trinoton anserinum serves as the intermediate host in the life cycle of the filarial heartworm, Sarconema eurycerca. Microfilariae, second-, and third-stage larvae were dissected from 39 of 89 lice infesting whistling swans, Cygnus columbianus columbianus, in North America and mute swans, Cygnus olor, in the Black Sea, U.S.S.R. Infective third-stage larvae obtained from lice collected from heartworm-parasitized whistling swans were injected subcutaneously into each of two hand-reared, nonparasitized mute swan cygnets. Both of these birds developed heartworm infections, one becoming microfilaremic at 14 weeks. The results of this study provide conclusive evidence that a mallophagan serves as a natural cyclodevelopmental vector of a filarial parasite.
咬虱Trinoton anserinum是丝状心丝虫Sarconema eurycerca生命周期中的中间宿主。在北美感染鸣叫天鹅Cygnus columbianus columbianus以及苏联黑海地区感染疣鼻天鹅Cygnus olor的89只虱子中，有39只被解剖，从中分离出微丝蚴、第二期和第三期幼虫。从感染心丝虫的鸣叫天鹅身上采集的虱子中获得的感染性第三期幼虫，被皮下注射到两只人工饲养、未感染的心丝虫疣鼻天鹅幼雏体内。这两只鸟都感染了心丝虫，其中一只在14周时出现微丝蚴血症。这项研究的结果提供了确凿的证据，证明一种食毛目昆虫是一种丝状寄生虫的天然循环发育传播媒介。
