Oberti F, Maïga M Y, Veal N, Fort J, Kaassis M, Moal F, Villemin E, Aubé C, Pilette C, Rifflet H, Trouvé R, Rousselet M C, Calès P
Laboratoire d'Hémodynamique Splanchnique, Université d'Angers.
Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 1998 Aug-Sep;22(8-9):697-704.
The aim of this study was to develop a technique to measure collateral blood flow in portal hypertensive rats.
Morphological techniques included inspection, casts and angiographies of portosystemic shunts. The main hemodynamic measurements were splenorenal shunt blood flow (transit time ultrasound method), percentage of portosystemic shunts and regional blood flows (microsphere method). In study 1, a model of esophageal varices was developed by ligating the splenorenal shunt. In study 2, morphological studies of the splenorenal shunt were performed in rats with portal vein ligation. In study 3, the relationship between splenorenal shunt blood flow with percentage of portosystemic shunts was evaluated in dimethylnitrosamine cirrhosis. In study 4, secondary biliary, CCl4 and dimethylnitrosamine cirrhosis were compared. In study 5, rats with portal vein ligation received acute administration of octreotide. In study 6, rats with dimethylnitrosamine cirrhosis received acute administration of vapreotide.
Blood flow of para-esophageal varices could not be measured. SRS blood flow was correlated with the mesenteric percentage of portosystemic shunts (r = 0.74, P < 0.05), splenic percentage of portosystemic shunts (r = 0.54, P < 0.05) and estimated portosystemic blood flow (r = 0.91, P < 0.01). Splenorenal shunt blood flow was 6 to 12 times higher in portal hypertensive rats, e.g., in portal vein ligated rats: 2.8 +/- 2.7 vs 0.3 +/- 0.1 mL.min-1 in sham rats (P < 0.01), and was similar in the different cirrhosis models but was higher in portal vein ligated rats than in cirrhotic rats (1.2 +/- 0.7 vs 0.6 +/- 0.6 mL.min-1.100 g-1, P = 0.05). Octreotide significantly decreased splenorenal shunt blood flow: -23 +/- 20% (P < 0.01) vs -6 +/- 8% (not significant) in placebo rats. The variation of splenorenal shunt blood flow after vapreotide was significant but not that of the splenic percentage of portosystemic shunts compared to placebo.
The splenorenal shunt is the main portosystemic shunt in rats. The measurement of splenorenal shunt blood flow is easy, accurate and reproducible and should replace the traditional measurement of the percentage of portosystemic shunts in pharmacological studies.
本研究旨在开发一种测量门静脉高压大鼠侧支血流的技术。
形态学技术包括门静脉系统分流的检查、铸型和血管造影。主要血流动力学测量指标包括脾肾分流血流量（通过渡越时间超声法）、门静脉系统分流百分比和局部血流量（微球法）。在研究1中，通过结扎脾肾分流建立食管静脉曲张模型。在研究2中，对门静脉结扎大鼠的脾肾分流进行形态学研究。在研究3中，评估二甲基亚硝胺肝硬化大鼠脾肾分流血流量与门静脉系统分流百分比之间的关系。在研究4中，比较继发性胆汁性、四氯化碳性和二甲基亚硝胺性肝硬化。在研究5中，对门静脉结扎大鼠急性给予奥曲肽。在研究6中，对二甲基亚硝胺肝硬化大鼠急性给予伐普肽。
无法测量食管旁静脉曲张的血流量。脾肾分流血流量与门静脉系统分流的肠系膜百分比（r = 0.74，P < 0.05）、门静脉系统分流的脾脏百分比（r = 0.54，P < 0.05）和估计的门静脉系统血流量（r = 0.91，P < 0.01）相关。门静脉高压大鼠的脾肾分流血流量高6至12倍，例如，门静脉结扎大鼠：假手术大鼠为0.3±0.1 mL·min-1，门静脉结扎大鼠为2.8±2.7 mL·min-1（P < 0.01），不同肝硬化模型中的情况相似，但门静脉结扎大鼠的血流量高于肝硬化大鼠（1.2±0.7 vs 0.6±0.6 mL·min-1·100 g-1，P = 0.05）。奥曲肽显著降低脾肾分流血流量：与安慰剂大鼠相比，奥曲肽组降低-23±20%（P < 0.01），安慰剂组降低-6±8%（无显著性差异）。与安慰剂相比，伐普肽后脾肾分流血流量变化显著，但门静脉系统分流的脾脏百分比变化不显著。
脾肾分流是大鼠主要的门静脉系统分流。脾肾分流血流量的测量简便、准确且可重复，在药理学研究中应取代传统的门静脉系统分流百分比测量方法。
