Chernoff E A, Henry L C, Spotts T
Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, USA.
Wound Repair Regen. 1998 Jul-Aug;6(4):403-12. doi: 10.1046/j.1524-475x.1998.60417.x.
Successful regeneration of lesioned adult spinal cord in urodele (caudate) amphibians requires the action of injury-responsive ependymal cells (ependymoglia). The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation of ependymal cells following transection of the salamander spinal cord and the subsequent reformation of an epithelial tube have been described previously. A complete tissue culture model system has now been devised to study mesenchymal ependymal cells, epithelial ependymal cells, and ependymal/neuronal interactions in vitro. Here, we review critical aspects of substrate and growth factor environments required to produce mesenchymal ependymal cells in culture and present the first culture system for epithelial salamander ependymal cells and central nervous system neurons suitable for cell-cell interaction studies. Critical to ependymal epithelialization in culture is the removal of epidermal growth factor and addition of thrombin. Epithelialization occurs on tissue culture plastic as well as on permeable culture substrates. This culture system can now be used to determine the initial trigger for the ependymal response. A preliminary examination of ependymal/neuronal interactions shows that coculture of mesenchymal ependymal cells and central nervous system neurons prolongs survival of the neurons.
有尾两栖动物成年受损脊髓的成功再生需要损伤反应性室管膜细胞（室管膜胶质细胞）的作用。先前已描述了蝾螈脊髓横断后室管膜细胞的上皮-间充质转化以及随后上皮管的重新形成。现在已经设计了一个完整的组织培养模型系统来研究间充质室管膜细胞、上皮室管膜细胞以及体外室管膜/神经元相互作用。在此，我们回顾了在培养中产生间充质室管膜细胞所需的底物和生长因子环境的关键方面，并展示了第一个适合细胞间相互作用研究的蝾螈上皮室管膜细胞和中枢神经系统神经元的培养系统。培养中室管膜上皮化的关键是去除表皮生长因子并添加凝血酶。上皮化发生在组织培养塑料以及可渗透的培养底物上。这个培养系统现在可用于确定室管膜反应的初始触发因素。对室管膜/神经元相互作用的初步检查表明，间充质室管膜细胞与中枢神经系统神经元共培养可延长神经元的存活时间。
