Polder A, Becher G, Savinova T N, Skaare J U
Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, Oslo, Norway.
Chemosphere. 1998 Oct-Nov;37(9-12):1795-806. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00245-8.
In 1993, 30 individual human milk samples were collected in Murmansk and Monchegorsk, and analysed for 23 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, PCBs (IUPAC nos.) 28, 52, 66, 74, 99, 101, 105, 110, 114, 118, 128, 138, 141, 149, 153, 156, 157, 170, 180, 187, 194, 206, and 209. In addition, the following organochlorine pesticides (OCPs): hexachlorobenzene (HCB), the alpha-, beta-, gamma-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), the chlordanes: oxychlordane, trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor, and cis-nonachlor, and the DDT-compounds: pp-DDE, pp-DDD, op-DDT and pp-DDT were detected. From each city, a pooled sample was made and analysed for non-ortho PCBs, dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). In addition one individual sample from Monchegorsk was analysed for PCDDs/PCDFs because of the very high levels of PCBs in this sample. High levels of pp-DDE and beta-HCH were found in Murmansk and Monchegorsk (in parenthesis) with mean levels of 1269, (892) and 853, (739) micrograms/kg milk fat respectively. Highest individual levels of pp-DDE (2816 micrograms/kg milk fat) and beta-HCH (1988 micrograms/kg milk fat) were found in Murmansk. Significant differences were found between the levels of gamma-HCH, cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor, pp-DDE, and the PCBs 28, 52, 74, 66, 110, 118, 105, 128, 206, and 209, between the two areas. No geographic differences in the concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs and non-ortho PCBs in the sample pools from the two Russian areas were observed.
1993年，在摩尔曼斯克和蒙切戈尔斯克采集了30份人乳个体样本，并对23种多氯联苯同系物进行了分析，这些多氯联苯同系物为国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）编号的28、52、66、74、99、101、105、110、114、118、128、138、141、149、153、156、157、170、180、187、194、206和209。此外，还检测到了以下有机氯农药（OCPs）：六氯苯（HCB）、六氯环己烷（HCH）的α-、β-、γ-异构体、氯丹类：氧氯丹、反式氯丹、顺式氯丹、反式九氯和顺式九氯，以及滴滴涕化合物：对，对'-二氯二苯乙烯（pp-DDE）、对，对'-二氯二苯甲酮（pp-DDD）、邻，对'-滴滴涕（op-DDT）和对，对'-滴滴涕（pp-DDT）。从每个城市采集了混合样本，并对非邻位多氯联苯、二恶英（PCDDs）和二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）进行了分析。此外，由于蒙切戈尔斯克的一个个体样本中多氯联苯含量极高，因此对其进行了二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃的分析。在摩尔曼斯克和蒙切戈尔斯克（括号内）发现了高含量的对，对'-二氯二苯乙烯和β-六氯环己烷，乳脂中的平均含量分别为1269（892）和853（739）微克/千克。在摩尔曼斯克发现了对，对'-二氯二苯乙烯（2816微克/千克乳脂）和β-六氯环己烷（1988微克/千克乳脂）的最高个体含量。在γ-六氯环己烷、顺式氯丹、反式九氯、顺式九氯、对，对'-二氯二苯乙烯以及多氯联苯28、52、74、66、110、118、105、128、206和209的含量上，两个地区之间存在显著差异。在来自俄罗斯这两个地区的混合样本中，未观察到二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃和非邻位多氯联苯浓度的地理差异。
