Johansen H R, Becher G, Polder A, Skaare J U
Department of Environmental Medicine, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jun;42(2):157-71. doi: 10.1080/15287399409531870.
Human milk samples from 28 mothers at Oslo City Hospital, Norway, were collected in 1991 and analyzed for individual polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, IUPAC numbers 28, 74, 99, 101, 105, 114, 118, 128, 138, 141, 153, 156, 157, 170, 180, 194, and 206, plus selected non-ortho-substituted compounds, IUPAC numbers 77, 126, and 169. Sum DDTs (sum of concentrations of DDT and related compounds), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), oxychlordane, transnonachlor, and sum hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) (sum of concentrations of alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, and gamma-HCH) were also determined. The mean levels of sum DDTs, HCB, oxychlordane, transnonachlor, and sum HCHs were 338, 41, 9, 19, and 36 ng/g, respectively, in human milk fat. p,p'-DDE and beta-HCH accounted for 81 and 93% of sum DDTs and sum HCHs, respectively. The mean level of sum PCBs (sum of mean concentrations of 20 individual congeners) was 372 ng/g milk fat. A very good correlation was found between sum PCBs and PCB-153 (r = .97). Sum PCBs determined on a capillary column was found to account for 62-79% of total PCBs calculated by using the packed column method used in previous human milk surveys in Norway. Comparison with previous results revealed that the mean sum PCB, HCB and sum DDT levels were decreased by 70, 65, and 75%, respectively during the past 9 yr. The contribution of individual PCDD/PCDF (earlier Norwegian study) and non- and mono-ortho-substituted PCB congeners to the total calculated toxic equivalent values was assessed, and the PCBs were found to constitute a major part of the TCDD equivalents in human milk, with PCB-126 as the main contributor.
1991年，从挪威奥斯陆市立医院的28位母亲那里采集了母乳样本，分析了其中的多氯联苯（PCB）各同系物，国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）编号为28、74、99、101、105、114、118、128、138、141、153、156、157、170、180、194和206，以及选定的非邻位取代化合物，IUPAC编号为77、126和169。还测定了滴滴涕总量（滴滴涕及其相关化合物浓度之和）、六氯苯（HCB）、氧氯丹、反式九氯以及六氯环己烷总量（HCHs，即α-六氯环己烷、β-六氯环己烷和γ-六氯环己烷浓度之和）。母乳脂肪中滴滴涕总量、六氯苯、氧氯丹、反式九氯以及六氯环己烷总量的平均水平分别为338、41、9、19和36纳克/克。p,p'-滴滴伊和β-六氯环己烷分别占滴滴涕总量和六氯环己烷总量的81%和93%。多氯联苯总量（20种单个同系物平均浓度之和）的平均水平为372纳克/克乳脂。发现多氯联苯总量与多氯联苯-153之间具有很好的相关性（r = 0.97）。在毛细管柱上测定的多氯联苯总量占采用挪威以往母乳调查中使用的填充柱法计算得出的多氯联苯总量的62%至79%。与以往结果的比较表明，在过去9年中，多氯联苯总量、六氯苯和滴滴涕总量的平均水平分别下降了70%、65%和75%。评估了个别多氯二苯并二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃（挪威早期研究）以及非邻位和单邻位取代的多氯联苯同系物对计算得出的总毒性当量值的贡献，发现多氯联苯构成了母乳中2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并对二恶英当量的主要部分，其中多氯联苯-126是主要贡献者。
