Driehuys S, Van Winkle T J, Sammarco C D, Drobatz K J
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6010, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998 Nov 15;213(10):1444-8.
To determine the incidence of acute and subacute myocardial infarction on postmortem examination, identify associated diseases, and evaluate clinical or diagnostic indicators of myocardial infarction in dogs and cats.
Retrospective study.
32 dogs and 5 cats.
Records from the necropsy service from December 1985 through August 1994 were searched for dogs and cats in which acute or subacute myocardial infarction was diagnosed on postmortem examination. Clinical records were reviewed for signalment, initial owner complaint, medical history, results of physical examination, electrocardiography, radiography, echocardiography, CBC, serum chemistry analysis, urinalysis, and coagulation profile as well as clinical course, outcome, necropsy findings, and results of histologic evaluation.
Initial owner complaints and physical examination findings were consistent with associated diseases. Electrocardiographic abnormalities in dogs included ventricular tachycardia (16%), atrial fibrillation (9%), and premature ventricular contractions (6.5%). Premature ventricular contractions were noticed in 2 cats. Echocardiography revealed dilated, poorly contractile hearts (n = 3) and thickened mitral valves (2) in dogs, and ventricular hypertrophy (3) in cats. Ninety-seven percent of dogs had infarction of the left ventricle as well as other other portions of the heart. Infarctions in cats were found in all parts of the myocardium including the right ventricle (n = 3), left ventricle (3), and interventricular septum (1).
Myocardial infarction is rare in dogs and cats. It is associated with a number of common diseases and may contribute to morbidity and mortality in those dogs and cats that are critically ill.
确定犬猫死后尸检时急性和亚急性心肌梗死的发生率，识别相关疾病，并评估犬猫心肌梗死的临床或诊断指标。
回顾性研究。
32只犬和5只猫。
检索1985年12月至1994年8月尸检服务记录，查找死后尸检诊断为急性或亚急性心肌梗死的犬猫。回顾临床记录，包括品种、主人最初的主诉、病史、体格检查结果、心电图、放射学检查、超声心动图、全血细胞计数、血清化学分析、尿液分析、凝血指标以及临床病程、结局、尸检发现和组织学评估结果。
主人最初的主诉和体格检查结果与相关疾病一致。犬的心电图异常包括室性心动过速（16%）、心房颤动（9%）和室性早搏（6.5%）。2只猫发现有室性早搏。超声心动图显示犬有心脏扩张、收缩功能不良（n = 3）和二尖瓣增厚（2例），猫有心室肥厚（3例）。97%的犬左心室以及心脏其他部位有梗死。猫的梗死见于心肌各部位，包括右心室（n = 3）、左心室（3例）和室间隔（1例）。
心肌梗死在犬猫中罕见。它与多种常见疾病相关，可能导致重症犬猫的发病率和死亡率升高。
