Clement U, Schönnesson L N
Heidelberg Institute of Systemic Research, Germany.
AIDS Care. 1998 Jun;10(3):355-63. doi: 10.1080/713612416.
Facing a traumatic event, such as being diagnosed with HIV, the individual tries to find an explanation why the traumatic event happened. One way to answer that question is through attributions. The purpose of this study was to examine subjective attribution theories for HIV (internal/self-blame, external/blaming others, and fatalistic) and their association with coping styles and psychological functioning among 57 self-defined gay men who were HIV-positive. None of the respondents were diagnosed with AIDS. Although all men made attributions for their HIV infection, few had incorporated exclusively self-blame and external attributions, respectively. About one-third of the gay men attributed HIV to both self-blame and external factors. Self-blame attribution was associated with the avoidant coping style. Analyses yielded that both self-blame attribution and the avoidant coping style correlated with depressive mood and life dissatisfaction. External attribution theory displayed a positive relation to depressive mood. No particular HIV attribution theory was tied to good psychological functioning. The clinical implications of these results are discussed.
面对诸如被诊断出感染艾滋病毒这样的创伤性事件，个体试图找到该创伤性事件发生的原因。回答这个问题的一种方式是通过归因。本研究的目的是检验针对艾滋病毒的主观归因理论（内在/自责、外在/责备他人以及宿命论），以及它们与57名自我认定为艾滋病毒呈阳性的男同性恋者的应对方式和心理功能之间的关联。所有受访者均未被诊断出患有艾滋病。尽管所有男性都对自己感染艾滋病毒进行了归因，但很少有人分别完全采用自责和外在归因。约三分之一的男同性恋者将感染艾滋病毒归因于自责和外部因素。自责归因与回避应对方式相关。分析结果显示，自责归因和回避应对方式均与抑郁情绪和生活不满相关。外在归因理论与抑郁情绪呈正相关。没有特定的艾滋病毒归因理论与良好的心理功能相关。本文讨论了这些结果的临床意义。
