Sharga B M, Lyon G D
Uzhgorod State University, Ukraine.
Can J Microbiol. 1998 Aug;44(8):777-83.
Antimicrobial substances were produced by Bacillus subtilis BS 107 in a defined medium and isolated from culture filtrate by precipitation at pH 2.5. Active fractions were extracted in ethyl acetate, acetone, and 80% ethanol and purified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel plates developed with an ethanol-water mixture (2:1, v/v). In each case, a band with a Rf of 0.75 formed an inhibitory zone when the TLC plates were placed in contact with agar seeded with test cultures of the Erwinia spp. The antibiotic was released into the culture medium during early stages of growth of Bacillus subtilis BS 107 but higher amounts were released in older cultures. The antibiotic was resistant to the action of nucleases, proteases, and lipase. It was stable when autoclaved twice for 35 min at 2 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa) in acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions. It remained active over the pH range of 1-14 during 1 month of observation and exhibited no loss of antimicrobial activity when stored at 4 degrees C for over 1 year. Bacillus subtilis BS 107 showed activity in vitro and in vivo against Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica and Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, the causal agents of potato blackleg and tuber soft rot. The application of an antagonist or its antibiotic to cut potato tissues prevented or reduced symptoms of the diseases. The antibiotic was active in vitro against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species.
枯草芽孢杆菌BS 107在特定培养基中产生抗菌物质，并通过在pH 2.5下沉淀从培养滤液中分离出来。活性组分用乙酸乙酯、丙酮和80%乙醇萃取，并在硅胶板上用乙醇-水混合物（2:1，v/v）展开的薄层色谱（TLC）进行纯化。在每种情况下，当将TLC板与接种了欧文氏菌属测试培养物的琼脂接触时，Rf为0.75的条带形成抑制区。该抗生素在枯草芽孢杆菌BS 107生长的早期阶段释放到培养基中，但在较老的培养物中释放量更高。该抗生素对核酸酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶的作用具有抗性。在酸性、中性和碱性溶液中，在2个大气压（1个大气压 = 101.325千帕）下高压灭菌35分钟两次时它是稳定的。在1个月的观察期内，它在pH 1 - 14范围内保持活性，并且在4℃下储存超过1年时抗菌活性没有损失。枯草芽孢杆菌BS 107在体外和体内对胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌黑胫亚种和胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌胡萝卜软腐亚种具有活性，它们是马铃薯黑胫病和块茎软腐病的病原体。将拮抗剂或其抗生素应用于切割的马铃薯组织可预防或减轻疾病症状。该抗生素在体外对多种细菌和真菌具有活性。
