Neshat-Doost H T, Taghavi M R, Moradi A R, Yule W, Dalgleish T
Department of Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1998 Nov;107(4):642-50. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.107.4.642.
An experiment was conducted to examine memory for emotional trait adjectives in depressed children and adolescents. Two groups of children and adolescents, clinically depressed participants and non-clinical controls, were compared on computerized versions of recall and recognition memory tasks. Three groups of words (positive trait adjectives, negative trait adjectives, and categorized neutral words) were used in the experiment. Results showed that the depressed group recalled significantly more negative adjectives than positive adjectives, whereas the control group recalled the same number of positive and negative adjectives. This effect was predicted by the association between age and level of depression, with the depression-related bias becoming stronger with age. Signal detection analysis revealed that the depressed group did not show any bias in the recognition task. The findings are discussed with respect to cognitive theories of depression with consideration of the developmental implications.
进行了一项实验，以检验抑郁儿童和青少年对情绪特质形容词的记忆。对两组儿童和青少年，即临床抑郁参与者和非临床对照组，进行了计算机化的回忆和识别记忆任务比较。实验中使用了三组单词（积极特质形容词、消极特质形容词和分类中性词）。结果显示，抑郁组回忆出的消极形容词显著多于积极形容词，而对照组回忆出的积极和消极形容词数量相同。年龄与抑郁程度之间的关联预测了这一效应，与抑郁相关的偏差随着年龄增长而增强。信号检测分析表明，抑郁组在识别任务中未表现出任何偏差。结合抑郁的认知理论并考虑到发展意义对研究结果进行了讨论。
