Zupan B A, Hammen C, Jaenicke C
J Exp Child Psychol. 1987 Feb;43(1):149-58. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(87)90056-7.
Previous research has indicated that children display facilitated recall of personal adjectives judged to be self-descriptive; and most critically, positive and negative adjectives are differentially recalled by relatively depressed and nondepressed children. Such evidence of apparent self-schemas was explored in additional samples of children with current or past histories of diagnosable depression. As predicted, clinically depressed children showed even stronger recall of negative self-descriptive adjectives than in previous research. However, extent of previous experience with depression did not predict degree of negativity of current self-schema beyond that predicted by current mood. The results are discussed in terms of recent findings with depressed adults and are seen as compatible with a developmental model of self-schemas in which prior experience may affect accessibility of negative cognitions once the self-schema has been activated.
先前的研究表明，儿童对被判定为自我描述性的个人形容词表现出促进性回忆；最关键的是，相对抑郁和非抑郁的儿童对积极和消极形容词的回忆存在差异。在有当前或过去可诊断抑郁症病史的儿童的其他样本中，对这种明显的自我图式证据进行了探索。正如预测的那样，临床抑郁症儿童对消极自我描述形容词的回忆甚至比先前的研究更强。然而，先前抑郁症经历的程度并不能预测当前自我图式的消极程度，超出当前情绪所预测的范围。根据近期对抑郁成年人的研究结果对这些结果进行了讨论，并被视为与自我图式的发展模型相一致，在该模型中，一旦自我图式被激活，先前的经历可能会影响消极认知的可及性。
