Wainhaus S B, Tzanani N, Dagan S, Miller M L, Amirav A
School of Chemistry, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 1998 Dec;9(12):1311-20. doi: 10.1016/S1044-0305(98)00108-1.
A new method for the fast screening of cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) in a single hair, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), is described. The analyses are conducted in less than 10 min with minimal sample preparation. The novel method combines the ChromatoProbe direct sample introduction device for intrainjector thermal extraction, fast GC separation, a supersonic molecular beam GC/MS interface and hyperthermal surface ionization (HSI). The technique has been successfully employed for the detection of cocaine in as little as a 1-mm section of hair using selected ion monitoring (SIM). Unambiguous full scan mass spectra of cocaine and 6-MAM were obtained on a single hair for cocaine and heroin users, respectively. HSI was found to be almost 3 orders of magnitude more selective than electron impact ionization for cocaine compared with the major hair constituents, with a minimum detected concentration of approximately 10 ppb in the SIM mode. Results obtained for 12 drugs users showed full qualitative agreement with similar results using rigorous solvent extraction followed by electrospray-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. However, quantitative studies showed only partial agreement. No false positives were observed for 10 drugs free subjects. This method enables fast drug monitoring along the hair length which permits time correlation studies.
本文描述了一种使用气相色谱/质谱联用（GC/MS）技术在单根毛发中快速筛查可卡因和6-单乙酰吗啡（6-MAM）的新方法。分析在不到10分钟内完成，且样品制备最少。该新方法结合了用于进样器内热萃取的ChromatoProbe直接进样装置、快速GC分离、超声分子束GC/MS接口和超热表面电离（HSI）。该技术已成功用于使用选择离子监测（SIM）在仅1毫米长的毛发切片中检测可卡因。分别在可卡因和海洛因使用者的单根毛发上获得了可卡因和6-MAM明确的全扫描质谱图。与主要毛发成分相比，发现HSI对可卡因的选择性比电子轰击电离高近3个数量级，在SIM模式下最低检测浓度约为10 ppb。对12名吸毒者获得的结果与使用严格溶剂萃取后进行电喷雾液相色谱/质谱分析得到的类似结果在定性上完全一致。然而，定量研究仅显示部分一致。在10名未吸毒者中未观察到假阳性。该方法能够沿着毛发长度进行快速药物监测，从而允许进行时间相关性研究。
