Seppä K, Lepistö J, Sillanaukee P
University of Tampere, Medical School, and Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Nov;22(8):1788-91.
To develop an effective, but short, questionnaire to detect heavy drinking, we combined two questions from AUDIT and three from CAGE. We have tested earlier this new Five-Shot questionnaire among male alcoholics who all had a total score of at least 4/7. The purpose of the present study was to find out the effectiveness of the Five-Shot questionnaire among middle-aged men. In the present study, the Five-Shot questionnaire was distributed to all (n = 853) 40-year-old men attending health screening in a Finnish town. The participation percentage in the screening was 70.3%. Self-reported alcohol consumption was used as a gold standard; 557 of these men gave a self-report that they consumed less absolute alcohol than 140 g/week (moderate drinkers), and 70 reported consuming > or = 280 g/week (heavy drinkers). None of the individual Five-Shot questions was superior to any other in detecting heavy drinkers. The cut-off point > or = 3 for Five-Shot gave a 77% sensitivity in detecting heavy drinkers, with a specificity of 83% and an overall accuracy of 83%. The corresponding figures with > or = 2.5 cut-off were 96%, 76%, and 78%. The commonly used cut-off for CAGE, > or = 2, gave a result of 47%, 87%, and 83%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the CAGE was clearly worse, compared with that of the Five-Shot. The new Five-Shot questionnaire seems to be efficient in differentiating between moderate and heavy drinkers. It is also easy and fast for physicians to use in different health-care settings. Thus, it can serve as a good aid in early detection of heavy drinking.
为开发一份有效但简短的用于检测酗酒情况的问卷，我们将酒精使用障碍鉴定测试（AUDIT）中的两个问题与密歇根酒精筛查测试（CAGE）中的三个问题相结合。我们之前已在所有总分至少为4/7的男性酗酒者中对这份新的五问题问卷进行了测试。本研究的目的是探究该五问题问卷在中年男性中的有效性。在本研究中，这份五问题问卷被分发给芬兰一个城镇参加健康筛查的所有（n = 853）40岁男性。筛查的参与率为70.3%。自我报告的酒精摄入量被用作金标准；这些男性中有557人自我报告每周饮用的纯酒精量少于140克（适度饮酒者），70人报告每周饮用≥280克（酗酒者）。在检测酗酒者方面，五问题问卷中的任何一个单独问题都不比其他问题更具优势。五问题问卷≥3的临界值在检测酗酒者时的灵敏度为77%，特异度为83%，总体准确率为83%。≥2.5临界值时的相应数据分别为96%、76%和78%。CAGE常用的临界值≥2时的结果分别为47%、87%和83%。与五问题问卷相比，CAGE的受试者工作特征曲线下面积明显更差。新的五问题问卷似乎在区分适度饮酒者和酗酒者方面很有效。医生在不同的医疗环境中使用也很简便快捷。因此，它可作为早期检测酗酒的良好辅助工具。
