Zanis D A, Woody G E
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998 Nov 1;52(3):257-60. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00097-0.
Mortality among 507 patients in a methadone program over a 1-year period was assessed.
Mortality was determined for patients in treatment (n = 397), and 12 months later for those discharged (n = 110).
Of discharged patients, 8.2% (9/110) had died, of which six were caused by heroin overdose. None of the discharged clients were in treatment at the time of death. All deaths were among clients who either dropped out of treatment or were discharged unfavorably from the program. Comparatively, only 1% (4/397) of patients died while enrolled in treatment.
Death rates, especially overdose, are high among patients who are unfavorably discharged or drop out of methadone treatment. Efforts should be made to retain these at-risk patients in methadone treatment even though treatment response may be suboptimal.
评估美沙酮项目中507名患者在1年期间的死亡率。
确定治疗中的患者（n = 397）的死亡率，并在12个月后确定出院患者（n = 110）的死亡率。
出院患者中有8.2%（9/110）死亡，其中6例死于海洛因过量。所有死亡患者在死亡时均未接受治疗。所有死亡患者均为退出治疗或被不利地退出该项目的患者。相比之下，在接受治疗的患者中只有1%（4/397）死亡。
在被不利地退出或退出美沙酮治疗的患者中，死亡率，尤其是过量死亡率很高。应努力让这些高危患者继续接受美沙酮治疗，尽管治疗反应可能不理想。
