Oppenheimer E, Tobutt C, Taylor C, Andrew T
Addiction Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Addiction. 1994 Oct;89(10):1299-308. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03309.x.
Data are presented on the 43 people who died over a 22-year follow-up period of a cohort of 128 heroin addicts drawn in 1969 from the newly opened London clinics. The main causes of death were drug-related, with 18 deaths specifically determined as due to overdose, of which the great majority were among people being prescribed opiates at the time. The mortality rate was a mean of 1.84% annually, and the excess mortality ratio was 11.9. This excess was highest at the beginning and varied over the period of study, appearing higher at the opening of the clinics and again in the mid-1980s. No sex differences in mortality rates were demonstrated but the excess mortality was concentrated at younger ages. No prediction of the 85 survivors could be made on the basis of length of heroin use prior to study intake, nor on age at intake.
数据呈现的是1969年从新开设的伦敦诊所招募的128名海洛因成瘾者队列在22年随访期内死亡的43人情况。主要死亡原因与毒品相关，18例死亡被明确判定为过量用药所致，其中绝大多数是当时正在接受阿片类药物处方治疗的人。死亡率平均每年为1.84%，超额死亡率为11.9。这种超额死亡率在开始时最高，且在研究期间有所变化，在诊所开业时以及20世纪80年代中期再次出现较高水平。未显示出死亡率的性别差异，但超额死亡率集中在较年轻年龄段。根据研究入组前使用海洛因的时长或入组时的年龄，无法对85名幸存者进行预测。
