Wank V, Frick U, Schmidtbleicher D
Abteilung Biomechanik, Institut für Sportwissenschaft der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany.
Int J Sports Med. 1998 Oct;19(7):455-61. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-971944.
Treadmills are often used in research to analyse kinematic and physiological variables. The success of transfering the results to overground running depends on the comparability of the values between the two situations. The aim of the present study was to compare the kinematics and muscle activities in overground and treadmill running. Ten male physical education students with experience in treadmill running were asked to run with a speed of 4.0 and 6.0 m/s both overground and on a Woodway treadmill. The 3D-kinematics of the limbs were studied using a two camera video tracking system. Additionally the surface EMG of six lower limb muscles and the pattern of ground contact of the right foot was registered. Both the activities of the leg muscles and several kinematic variables showed systematic changes from overground to treadmill running. On the treadmill the subjects favoured a type of running that provided them with a higher level of security. The swing amplitude of the leg, the vertical displacement and the variance in vertical and horizontal velocity were lower in treadmill running. The angle between shoe sole and ground at foot impact was also lower and the forward lean of the upper body was higher in running on the treadmill compared with the overground mode. Most of the subjects reduced their step length and increased stride frequency in treadmill running. Furthermore, the contact time in treadmill running was shorter than for overground running. The above mentioned kinematic variables were significantly different (p < 0.05). The EMG patterns of the leg muscles were generally similar between overground and treadmill modes, but some minor differences could consistently be identified.
跑步机常用于研究中，以分析运动学和生理学变量。将研究结果应用于户外跑步的成功与否取决于两种情况下数值的可比性。本研究的目的是比较户外跑步和跑步机跑步时的运动学和肌肉活动情况。十名有跑步机跑步经验的男性体育专业学生被要求在户外和伍德威跑步机上分别以4.0米/秒和6.0米/秒的速度跑步。使用双摄像头视频跟踪系统研究四肢的三维运动学。此外，还记录了六条下肢肌肉的表面肌电图以及右脚的地面接触模式。腿部肌肉活动和几个运动学变量在从户外跑步到跑步机跑步的过程中都呈现出系统性变化。在跑步机上，受试者倾向于一种能给他们更高安全感的跑步方式。在跑步机跑步时，腿部的摆动幅度、垂直位移以及垂直和水平速度的变化较小。与户外跑步模式相比，跑步机跑步时脚着地时鞋底与地面的夹角也较小，上半身的前倾角度更大。大多数受试者在跑步机跑步时缩短了步长并增加了步频。此外，跑步机跑步时的接触时间比户外跑步时短。上述运动学变量存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。腿部肌肉的肌电图模式在户外和跑步机模式下总体相似，但仍能持续识别出一些细微差异。
