Vandebuerie F, Vanden Eynde B, Vandenberghe K, Hespel P
Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Department of Kinesiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
Int J Sports Med. 1998 Oct;19(7):490-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-971950.
The effect of creatine loading on endurance capacity and sprint performance was investigated in elite cyclists according to a double-blind cross-over study design. Subjects (n = 12) underwent on 3 occasions and separated by 5 week wash-out periods, a 2 h 30 min standardized endurance protocol on their own race bicycle, which was mounted on an electromagnetically braked roller-system, whereupon they cycled to exhaustion at their predetermined 4 mmol lactate threshold. Immediately thereafter they performed 5 maximal 10 second sprints, separated by 2 min recovery intervals, on a Monark bicycle ergometer at 6 kg resistance on the flywheel. Before the exercise test, subjects were either creatine loaded (C: 25 g creatine monohydrate/day, 5 days) or were creatine loaded plus ingested creatine during the exercise test (CC: 5 g/h), or received placebo (P). Compared with P, C but not CC increased (p<0.05) peak and mean sprint power output by 8-9% for all 5 sprints. Endurance time to exhaustion was not affected by either C or CC. It is concluded that creatine loading improves intermittent sprint capacity at the end of endurance exercise to fatigue. This ergogenic action is counteracted by high dose creatine intake during exercise.
根据双盲交叉研究设计，在精英自行车运动员中研究了肌酸负荷对耐力和冲刺成绩的影响。受试者（n = 12）进行了3次试验，每次试验间隔5周的洗脱期，在安装在电磁制动滚筒系统上的自己的比赛自行车上进行2小时30分钟的标准化耐力试验，然后他们在预定的4 mmol乳酸阈值下骑行至力竭。此后，他们立即在Monark自行车测力计上以6 kg的飞轮阻力进行5次最大10秒的冲刺，每次冲刺间隔2分钟恢复时间。在运动测试前，受试者要么进行肌酸负荷（C组：每天25 g一水肌酸，共5天），要么在运动测试期间进行肌酸负荷并摄入肌酸（CC组：每小时5 g），或者接受安慰剂（P组）。与P组相比，C组而非CC组在所有5次冲刺中，峰值和平均冲刺功率输出提高了8 - 9%（p<0.05）。力竭时的耐力时间不受C组或CC组的影响。结论是，肌酸负荷可提高耐力运动至疲劳末期的间歇性冲刺能力。这种促力作用在运动期间因高剂量肌酸摄入而被抵消。
