Schillings J J, Meulenbroek R G, Thomassen A J
Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information, The Netherlands.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 1998 Nov;100(1-2):97-115. doi: 10.1016/s0001-6918(98)00028-6.
Computer simulations aimed at assessing functional characteristics of the graphic workspace are presented. The simulations involve a 10-df kinematic model of the distal part of the writing arm, and yield the effective workspace of the pen tip under two types of kinematic constraints. The first constraint involves fixing the forearm under various pronation angles, the second governs the protrusion of the pen tip from the finger tips. The effective workspace is analyzed in terms of the effort required to reach the various locations in it, where effort is defined in terms of the joint angles adopted by the wrist and fingers to reach each location. The simulation results show agreements between the distribution of required effort over the workspace and known stroke-direction preferences in drawing. Furthermore, they predict shifts in the biases that are thought to lead to these preferences as a function of both hand pronation and pen protrusion.
本文展示了旨在评估图形工作空间功能特性的计算机模拟。这些模拟涉及书写手臂远端部分的一个10自由度运动学模型，并在两种运动学约束下得出笔尖的有效工作空间。第一种约束是在不同旋前角度下固定前臂，第二种约束控制笔尖从指尖伸出的情况。有效工作空间是根据到达其中各个位置所需的力来分析的，这里的力是根据手腕和手指为到达每个位置所采用的关节角度来定义的。模拟结果表明，工作空间中所需力的分布与绘画中已知的笔画方向偏好之间存在一致性。此外，它们预测了被认为导致这些偏好的偏差会随着手部旋前和笔尖伸出而发生变化。
