Stein M B, Chavira D A
Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0985, USA.
J Affect Disord. 1998 Sep;50 Suppl 1:S11-6. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00092-5.
Epidemiological studies have identified two subtypes of social phobia: speaking-only social phobia which is characterized by the fear of public speaking situations and complex social phobia which is characterized by the fear of multiple social situations. Speaking-only social phobia most closely corresponds to the DSM-IV's 'nongeneralized social phobia' while complex social phobia resembles 'generalized social phobia'. In contrast to the speaking-only social phobia, the complex form is usually more disabling, familial and longer-lasting. In addition, the complex form has a lower chance of spontaneous recovery and carries a higher risk of comorbidity and impairment. Overall, both types of social phobia tend to be underdiagnosed and under-treated. Effective treatments which can manage not only complex social phobia, but also its spectrum of comorbid conditions, are required.
仅演讲社交恐惧症，其特征是害怕公开演讲场合；复杂社交恐惧症，其特征是害怕多种社交场合。仅演讲社交恐惧症与《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版中的“非广泛性社交恐惧症”最为接近，而复杂社交恐惧症则类似于“广泛性社交恐惧症”。与仅演讲社交恐惧症不同，复杂形式通常更具致残性、家族性且持续时间更长。此外，复杂形式自发康复的几率较低，合并症和功能损害的风险较高。总体而言，这两种社交恐惧症往往诊断不足且治疗不足。需要有效的治疗方法，不仅要能治疗复杂社交恐惧症，还要能治疗其一系列合并症。
