Norman I J
Division of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, London.
J Clin Nurs. 1998 Sep;7(5):433-41. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2702.1998.00170.x.
The closure of psychiatric and mental handicap hospitals, the emphasis on community rather than hospital care and the distinction between health and social care for people in the community, with its funding implications, have demanded that mental health and learning disability nurses face the challenges of developing new skills and new ways of working. In this paper the findings of a study funded by the English National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (ENB) are reported. This study explored the impact of these reforms on nurses and their practice, and identified the educational needs of mental health and learning disability nurses that have changed as a result. The study took a multiple-case study approach and involved interviews with 22 'key informants' and 88 mental health and 59 learning disability stakeholders in six sites, three in each nursing specialty. Inductive analysis of the interview data revealed 20 categories which summarize the major issues facing the two nursing specialties. These categories are discussed under seven themes and issues for nurse education are raised.
精神病院和智障人士医院的关闭、对社区护理而非住院护理的重视，以及社区中健康护理与社会护理的区分及其资金影响，都要求精神健康和学习障碍护理人员应对发展新技能和新工作方式的挑战。本文报告了一项由英国国家护理、助产与健康访视委员会（ENB）资助的研究结果。该研究探讨了这些改革对护理人员及其实践的影响，并确定了精神健康和学习障碍护理人员因改革而发生变化的教育需求。该研究采用多案例研究方法，在六个地点对22名“关键信息提供者”、88名精神健康护理人员和59名学习障碍护理相关人员进行了访谈，每个护理专业各有三个地点。对访谈数据的归纳分析揭示了20个类别，这些类别总结了这两个护理专业面临的主要问题。这些类别在七个主题下进行讨论，并提出了护理教育面临的问题。
