Rosenfarb I S, Becker J, Khan A, Mintz J
Department of Psychology and Family Studies, United States International University, San Diego, CA 92131, USA.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1998 Nov;37(4):409-14. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1998.tb01398.x.
The dependency and self-criticism scores of women with histories of either unipolar disorder (N = 74) or bipolar disorder (N = 20) or no psychiatric history (N = 24) were compared to determine the influence of state depression on these personality dimensions.
All women completed the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory. Patients were divided into currently depressed and remitted groups.
Currently depressed women with unipolar disorder were more self-critical and dependent than non-psychiatric controls; women with unipolar disorder whose depression remitted were more self-critical only. Women in both the depressed and remitted bipolar groups were more self-critical than controls. Depressed bipolar patients did not differ from the controls in their level of dependency; remitted bipolar patients were significantly less dependent than controls.
Dependency needs in depressed women are heavily influenced by mood state. Self-criticism appears to be a-characterological trait in both major depression and bipolar disorder. Women with bipolar disorder in remission report fewer dependency needs than women with no history of psychiatric disorder. The data provide partial support for Blatt's (1974) hypothesis that dependency and self-criticism reflect relatively stable personality dimensions in patients with a mood disorder.
比较有单相情感障碍病史（N = 74）、双相情感障碍病史（N = 20）或无精神病史（N = 24）的女性的依赖和自我批评得分，以确定状态性抑郁对这些人格维度的影响。
所有女性均完成了《抑郁体验问卷》和《贝克抑郁量表》。患者被分为当前抑郁组和缓解组。
当前患有单相情感障碍的抑郁女性比无精神疾病对照组更具自我批评性和依赖性；单相情感障碍抑郁已缓解的女性仅更具自我批评性。抑郁和缓解的双相情感障碍组中的女性都比对照组更具自我批评性。抑郁的双相情感障碍患者在依赖程度上与对照组无差异；缓解的双相情感障碍患者的依赖性明显低于对照组。
抑郁女性的依赖需求受情绪状态的严重影响。自我批评似乎是重度抑郁和双相情感障碍中的一种性格特质。缓解期双相情感障碍女性报告的依赖需求比无精神疾病史的女性少。数据为布拉特（1974年）的假设提供了部分支持，即依赖和自我批评反映了情绪障碍患者相对稳定的人格维度。
