Lanza G M, Trousil R L, Wallace K D, Rose J H, Hall C S, Scott M J, Miller J G, Eisenberg P R, Gaffney P J, Wickline S A
Department of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1998 Dec;104(6):3665-72. doi: 10.1121/1.423948.
Targeted ultrasonic contrast systems are designed to enhance the reflectivity of selected tissues in vivo [Lanza et al., Circulation 94, 3334 (1996)]. In particular, these agents hold promise for the minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of a wide array of pathologies, most notably tumors, thromboses, and inflamed tissues. In the present study, acoustic microscopy was used to assess the efficacy of a novel, perfluorocarbon based contrast agent to enhance the inherent acoustic reflectivity of biological and synthetic substrates. Data from these experiments were used to postulate a simple model describing the observed enhancements. Frequency averaged reflectivity (30-55 MHz) was shown to increase 7.0 +/- 1.1 dB for nitrocellulose membranes with targeted contrast. Enhancements of 36.0 +/- 2.3 dB and 8.5 +/- 0.9 dB for plasma and whole blood clots, respectively, were measured between 20 and 35 MHz. A proposed acoustic transmission line model predicted the targeted contrast system would increase the acoustic reflectivity of the nitrocellulose membrane, whole blood clot, and fibrin plasma clot by 2.6, 8.0, and 31.8 dB, respectively. These predictions were in reasonable agreement with the experimental results of this paper. In conclusion, acoustic microscopy provides a rapid and sensitive approach for in vitro chracterization, development, and testing of mathematical models of targeted contrast systems. Given the current demand for targeted contrast systems for medical diagnostic and therapeutic use, the use of acoustic microscopy may provide a useful tool in the development of these agents.
靶向超声造影系统旨在增强体内特定组织的反射率[兰扎等人，《循环》94，3334（1996）]。特别是，这些造影剂有望用于多种疾病的微创诊断和治疗，最显著的是肿瘤、血栓和炎症组织。在本研究中，声学显微镜用于评估一种新型的基于全氟化碳的造影剂增强生物和合成基质固有声学反射率的效果。这些实验的数据用于推测一个描述观察到的增强效果的简单模型。对于有靶向造影的硝酸纤维素膜，频率平均反射率（30 - 55兆赫兹）显示增加了7.0±1.1分贝。在20至35兆赫兹之间，分别测得血浆和全血凝块的增强效果为36.0±2.3分贝和8.5±0.9分贝。一个提出的声传输线模型预测，靶向造影系统将分别使硝酸纤维素膜、全血凝块和纤维蛋白血浆凝块的声学反射率提高2.6分贝、8.0分贝和31.8分贝。这些预测与本文的实验结果合理相符。总之，声学显微镜为靶向造影系统的体外表征、开发和数学模型测试提供了一种快速且灵敏的方法。鉴于目前对用于医学诊断和治疗的靶向造影系统的需求，声学显微镜的使用可能为这些造影剂的开发提供一个有用的工具。
