Ku L, Sonenstein F L, Lindberg L D, Bradner C H, Boggess S, Pleck J H
Population Studies Center, Urban Institute, Washinton, D.C., USA.
Fam Plann Perspect. 1998 Nov-Dec;30(6):256-62.
Changes in the sexual behavior of teenagers can have a significant impact on levels of adolescent pregnancy and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Understanding the role played by attitudes and educational efforts will provide critical prevention information.
Data on the sexual behavior, sexual attitudes, educational experiences and demographics of 2,087 never-married metropolitan males aged 17-19 from the 1979 National Survey of Young Men and the 1988 and 1995 waves of the National Survey of Adolescent Males were analyzed through multivariate methods to examine factors that predict sexual behavior as well as those that predict sexual attitudes.
The percentage of males aged 17-19 who had ever had sex increased from 66% in 1979 to 76% in 1988 and then decreased to 68% in 1995. The frequency of sexual intercourse in the year prior to the survey increased significantly over time, although the lifetime number of sexual partners did not. Acceptance of premarital sex increased significantly from 1979 to 1988, then decreased significantly from 1988 to 1995. Over time, young men were increasingly likely to prefer having and supporting a baby to marriage, abortion or adoption as the resolution to a nonmarital pregnancy. Trends in attitudes were strongly associated with sexual behaviors, with more conservative attitudes predicting less sexual activity. AIDS education, which was nearly universal in 1995, was associated with decreased sexual activity, although not among black youths.
More conservative sexual attitudes and increased exposure to AIDS education are key predictors of decreased sexual activity among adolescent males. However, broader societal factors, such as fear of AIDS and increased awareness of problems associated with teenage pregnancy and STDs, may underlie both attitudinal and behavioral changes.
青少年性行为的变化会对青少年怀孕率和性传播疾病（STD）的传播产生重大影响。了解态度和教育努力所起的作用将提供关键的预防信息。
通过多变量方法分析了来自1979年全国青年男性调查以及1988年和1995年全国青少年男性调查的2087名17 - 19岁从未结婚的大都市男性的性行为、性态度、教育经历和人口统计学数据，以研究预测性行为的因素以及预测性态度的因素。
17 - 19岁有过性行为的男性比例从1979年的66%上升到1988年的76%，然后在1995年降至68%。调查前一年的性交频率随时间显著增加，尽管性伴侣的终身数量没有变化。从1979年到1988年，对婚前性行为的接受度显著增加，然后从1988年到1995年显著下降。随着时间的推移，年轻男性越来越倾向于选择生育并抚养孩子，而不是结婚、堕胎或收养，以此来解决非婚怀孕问题。态度趋势与性行为密切相关，态度越保守，性活动越少。1995年几乎普及的艾滋病教育与性活动减少有关，但黑人青年除外。
更保守的性态度和更多地接受艾滋病教育是青少年男性性活动减少的关键预测因素。然而，更广泛的社会因素，如对艾滋病的恐惧以及对青少年怀孕和性传播疾病相关问题的认识提高，可能是态度和行为变化背后的原因。
