Skórska C, Mackiewicz B, Dutkiewicz J, Krysińska-Traczyk E, Milanowski J, Feltovich H, Lange J, Thorne P
Department of Occupational Biohazards, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, P.O.Box 185, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 1998;5(2):147-53.
Medical examinations were performed in a group of 76 Polish farmers heavily exposed to grain dust during harvesting and threshing, and in a group of 63 healthy urban dwellers not exposed to organic dusts (controls). The examinations included: interview concerning the occurrence of respiratory disorders and work-related symptoms, physical examination, lung function tests, and allergological tests comprising skin prick test with 4 microbial antigens associated with grain dust and agar-gel precipitation test with 12 microbial antigens. As many as 34 farmers (44.7%) reported the occurrence of work-related symptoms during harvesting and threshing. The most common was dry cough reported by 20 individuals (26.3%). Dyspnoea was reported by 15 farmers (19.7%), tiredness by 12 (15.7%), chest tightness by 8 (10.5%), plugging of nose and hoarseness by 5 each (6. 5%). No control subjects reported these work-related symptoms. The mean spirometric values in the examined group of farmers were within the normal range, but a significant post-shift decrease of these values was observed after work with grain. The farmers showed a frequency of the positive early skin reactions to environmental allergens in the range of 10.8 - 45.5%, and a frequency of positive precipitin reactions in range of 3.9 - 40.8%. The control group responded to the majority of allergens with a significantly lower frequency of positive results compared to the farmers. The obtained results showed a high response of grain farmers to inhalant microbial allergens and indicate a potential risk of occupational respiratory diseases (such as allergic alveolitis, asthma, Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome) among this population
对一组76名在收割和脱粒过程中大量接触谷物粉尘的波兰农民，以及一组63名未接触有机粉尘的健康城市居民（对照组）进行了医学检查。检查包括：关于呼吸系统疾病和与工作相关症状发生情况的访谈、体格检查、肺功能测试，以及过敏学测试，包括用4种与谷物粉尘相关的微生物抗原进行皮肤点刺试验，和用12种微生物抗原进行琼脂凝胶沉淀试验。多达34名农民（44.7%）报告在收割和脱粒过程中出现与工作相关的症状。最常见的是干咳，有20人（26.3%）报告。15名农民（19.7%）报告有呼吸困难，12人（15.7%）报告疲劳，8人（10.5%）报告胸闷，5人（6.5%）报告鼻塞和声音嘶哑。没有对照组受试者报告这些与工作相关的症状。受试农民组的肺功能测量值在正常范围内，但在接触谷物工作后，观察到这些值有明显的下班后下降。农民对环境过敏原的早期皮肤阳性反应频率在10.8% - 45.5%之间，沉淀素阳性反应频率在3.9% - 40.8%之间。与农民相比，对照组对大多数过敏原的阳性结果频率明显较低。所得结果表明谷物农民对吸入性微生物过敏原反应强烈，并表明该人群中存在职业性呼吸道疾病（如过敏性肺泡炎、哮喘、有机粉尘中毒综合征）的潜在风险。
