Segal M, Harrison J M
J Exp Anal Behav. 1978 Jul;30(1):97-106. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1978.30-97.
Sounds have position in addition to other dimensions, such as intensity and frequency. Position rapidly gains control of spatially contiguous responses and this may interfere with control of responding by other acoustic dimensions. These experiments investigated interference of a tone-noise discrimination by the discrimination of acoustic position. Squirrel monkeys were studied when responding was differentially reinforced in the presence of both spectral content (tone-noise) and positional differences between the stimuli, and when responding was differentially reinforced only in the presence of spectral differences. Under the first condition, responding rapidly came under the control of the position of the noise in the two monkeys tested. The position of the tone controlled responding in one monkey; in the second monkey, responding came under the control of the spectral content of the tone. Under the second condition, responding was initially under the control of the noise in all three monkeys tested. This persisted for the duration of the condition for two of the monkeys; in one monkey, responding came under the control of the spectral content of the noise. Under the second condition, responding was also initially under the control of the position of the tone for all monkeys, but control by spectral content of the tone relatively rapidly developed in two of three monkeys.
声音除了具有强度和频率等其他维度外，还具有位置属性。位置会迅速控制空间上相邻的反应，这可能会干扰其他声学维度对反应的控制。这些实验研究了声学位置辨别对音调-噪声辨别的干扰。当在刺激的频谱内容（音调-噪声）和位置差异同时存在时对松鼠猴的反应进行差别强化，以及仅在频谱差异存在时对反应进行差别强化时，对松鼠猴进行了研究。在第一种条件下，在接受测试的两只猴子中，反应迅速受到噪声位置的控制。在一只猴子中，音调的位置控制着反应；在另一只猴子中，反应受到音调频谱内容的控制。在第二种条件下，在接受测试的三只猴子中，反应最初都受到噪声的控制。对于其中两只猴子，这种情况在该条件持续期间一直持续；在一只猴子中，反应受到噪声频谱内容的控制。在第二种条件下，对于所有猴子，反应最初也受到音调位置的控制，但在三只猴子中的两只中，音调频谱内容对反应的控制相对较快地发展起来。
