Martin-Tellaeche A, Ramirez-Hernandez J, Santos-Preciado J I, Mendez-Galvan J
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1998 Apr;92 Suppl 1:S117-9. doi: 10.1080/00034989859645.
There are now three endemic foci of onchocerciasis in Mexico, all located in mountainous areas in the south-east: two in the state of Chiapas and one in the state of Oaxaca. Together, these three foci cover 16,900 km2 and contain about 286,000 people in 947 localities, most of the localities being small and scattered. The main economic activity in all the foci is coffee farming. Introduction of Mectizan (ivermectin, MSD) into Mexico in 1989 revolutionized control of onchocerciasis in the country and made elimination of the disease a reasonable goal. Concerted efforts between 1989 and 1997, supported by Merck & Co., the River Blindness Foundation and the Onchocerciasis Elimination Programme in the Americas, have led to steady decreases in the incidence of new cases, nodule prevalence and skin-snip positivities. The improvement has been most marked in the Oaxaca focus, where transmission may have been interrupted. As prior to attempts at control, the largest populations at risk are in the Chiapas foci, where logistical problems and migration have combined to limit the success of local control programmes.
目前墨西哥有三个盘尾丝虫病流行区，均位于东南部山区：两个在恰帕斯州，一个在瓦哈卡州。这三个流行区总面积达16,900平方公里，947个地区约有286,000人，其中大多数地区面积小且分布分散。所有流行区的主要经济活动都是咖啡种植。1989年美迪善（伊维菌素，默克公司生产）引入墨西哥，彻底改变了该国盘尾丝虫病的防治局面，并使消除该疾病成为一个合理目标。在默克公司、河盲症基金会和美洲盘尾丝虫病消除计划的支持下，1989年至1997年期间的共同努力使新发病例的发病率、结节患病率和皮肤切片阳性率稳步下降。在瓦哈卡流行区改善最为显著，那里的传播可能已被阻断。与控制措施实施前一样，风险最大的人群集中在恰帕斯流行区，后勤问题和人口迁移共同限制了当地控制计划的成效。
