[Hypercoagulability status previous to total hip and knee arthroplasty: the contribution of rheumatoid arthritis].

PURPOSE

Starting from a status hypercoagulability previous to substitutive hip and knee surgery, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different osteoarthropatic pictures for which arthroplasty is indicated in the activation of the clotting cascade, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) being one of such pictures.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Of 79 patients suitable for prosthetic surgery of hip (53) and knee (26), the preoperative values of several markers, namely, D dimers (D-D), thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex, and F1 + 2 prothrombin fragment (F1 + F2) were assessed by enzymoimmunoasay. The mean age of the patients was 65.5 years, and their sex distribution was 50 women and 29 men. The indications for arthroplasty were as follows: osteoarthrosis (62), aseptic necrosis (11), RA (9), articular gout (2), previous fracture (2), more than one diagnosis overlapped in some cases. The results attained were compared with a control group comprised of 33 subjects (16 women and 17 men) with mean age similar to the patient's group (68.06 years).

RESULTS

The D-D values in the patients suitable for hip arthroplasty and the TAT values in patients suitable for both types of surgery were significantly higher than those found in the control group (p = 0.012 and 0.01, respectively). The preoperative TAT levels of the RA patients were significantly higher (p = 0.025) than those found in the patients with the other surgical indications.

CONCLUSIONS

Previously to the performance of arthroplasty, the patients show hypercoagulative marker values higher than those of age-matched controls. The significant rising of TAT found in RA patients is concordant with the literature, and this fact makes it advisable to include RA among the pathologic situations associated with hypercoagulability, as this is a common indication for substitutive hip and knee surgery with high risk of venous thromboembolic disease.