Lloyd S, Walters T M, Craig P S
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, England.
Bull World Health Organ. 1998;76(5):469-73.
In this article the effects of an education programme (area II) on transmission of Echinococcus granulosus from dogs to sheep in Wales and of substitution of the education programme by a 6-weekly anthelmintic control programme (area I) are compared with the situation in an area where no control interventions had occurred (area III). The education programme failed to prevent transmission of E. granulosus to sentinel lambs examined at 15 months of age, 6%, 4%, and 10% of which were infected in areas I, II, and III, respectively. Educational efforts did, however, show some positive effects; for example, significantly more farmers (87-98%) in areas I, II, and III used praziquantel to treat their dogs compared with 39% of farmers in a lowland area in the east of England where E. granulosus is absent. In particular, the interval between treatments of dogs was significantly shorter in areas targeted with education programmes, and 38% of farmers in area I treated dogs at a 4-6 week interval, as did 17% in area II and 10% in area III, compared with only 3% in the lowland area. Also, more dogs in Wales (65-88%) were treated at an interval of < or = 3 months, whereas most of the dogs in the lowland area (64%) were treated at intervals of > or = 6 months. The shorter treatment intervals with praziquantel may account for the significantly fewer positive coproantigen tests among dogs in area I (6.3%) and area II (5.6%) compared with area III (23.9%).
在本文中，将一项教育计划（区域II）对威尔士地区细粒棘球绦虫从狗传播至绵羊的影响，以及用每六周一次的驱虫控制计划（区域I）替代该教育计划的效果，与未进行任何控制干预的区域（区域III）的情况进行了比较。该教育计划未能防止细粒棘球绦虫传播至15月龄时接受检查的哨兵羔羊，在区域I、II和III中分别有6%、4%和10%的羔羊受到感染。然而，教育工作确实显示出了一些积极效果；例如，与英格兰东部无细粒棘球绦虫的低地地区39%的农民相比，区域I、II和III中显著更多的农民（87 - 98%）使用吡喹酮治疗他们的狗。特别是，在实施教育计划的区域，狗的治疗间隔明显更短，区域I中38%的农民以4 - 6周的间隔治疗狗，区域II为17%，区域III为10%，而在低地地区这一比例仅为3%。此外，威尔士更多的狗（65 - 88%）接受治疗的间隔为≤3个月，而低地地区的大多数狗（64%）接受治疗的间隔为≥6个月。与区域III（23.9%）相比，区域I（6.3%）和区域II（5.6%）中狗的粪便抗原检测阳性结果显著减少，这可能是由于吡喹酮治疗间隔较短所致。
