Herceg A, Johns M B, Longbottom H M
National Centre for Disease Control, Department of Health and Family Services, ACT.
Med J Aust. 1997 Sep 15;167(6):299-302. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb125073.x.
To determine general practitioner (GP) vaccination procedures during the first two years of implementation of the National Childhood Immunisation Program.
Two cross-sectional self-completion mail surveys of Australian GPs, in October/November 1994 (Survey 1) and April/May 1996 (Survey 2).
1417 systematically selected (Survey 1) and 1482 randomly selected (Survey 2) GPs.
Mailing of a package of publications on immunisation to all GPs, a community education campaign, and the introduction of the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register. State and Territory and local initiatives on immunisation, changes in vaccine distribution and funding, and media coverage of vaccination issues may also have affected GPs' procedures.
Reported vaccination procedures consistent with National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) recommendations.
Response rates were 77% (Survey 1) and 78% (Survey 2). There were statistically significant rises in the proportions of GPs who reported vaccination procedures consistent with NHMRC recommendations for simultaneous administration of vaccines, injection site, vaccination of children taking antibiotics or those with mild upper respiratory tract infection, and vaccine storage. There was a reduction in reported opportunistic vaccination, and no change in reported procedures regarding pertussis vaccination.
Many factors may have contributed to these changes in GP vaccination procedures. While the changes mostly show an improvement in adherence to NHMRC guidelines, further progress needs to be made, particularly in the areas of opportunistic vaccination, pertussis vaccination and vaccine storage. The best method of informing GPs of current vaccination recommendations needs to be explored.
确定在国家儿童免疫规划实施的头两年里全科医生（GP）的疫苗接种程序。
1994年10月/11月（调查1）和1996年4月/5月（调查2）对澳大利亚全科医生进行两次横断面自填式邮寄调查。
1417名经系统选择的（调查1）和1482名随机选择的（调查2）全科医生。
向所有全科医生邮寄一套免疫接种出版物、开展社区教育活动以及引入澳大利亚儿童免疫接种登记册。州和领地以及地方的免疫接种举措、疫苗分发和资金方面的变化以及媒体对疫苗接种问题的报道也可能影响了全科医生的程序。
报告的疫苗接种程序符合国家卫生和医学研究委员会（NHMRC）的建议。
回复率分别为77%（调查1）和78%（调查2）。报告的疫苗接种程序符合NHMRC关于疫苗同时接种、注射部位、给服用抗生素的儿童或患有轻度上呼吸道感染的儿童接种疫苗以及疫苗储存建议的全科医生比例有统计学意义的上升。报告的机会性接种有所减少，而关于百日咳疫苗接种的报告程序没有变化。
许多因素可能导致了全科医生疫苗接种程序的这些变化。虽然这些变化大多表明在遵守NHMRC指南方面有所改善，但仍需进一步改进，特别是在机会性接种、百日咳疫苗接种和疫苗储存领域。需要探索向全科医生传达当前疫苗接种建议的最佳方法。
