Tølløfsrud P A, Kvittingen E A, Granum P E, Vøllo A
Nyfødtseksjonen, Barneklinikken, Rikshospitalet, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1998 Nov 20;118(28):4355-6.
Infant botulism, first described in 1976, is the most common form of botulism. The majority of cases are reported from the USA. The disease is rare in Europe, and this article describes the first patient reported in Norway. A three-month-old boy of Norwegian origin who had been fed Argentinian honey developed symptoms of botulism. Electromyography showed presynaptic neuromuscular dysfunction. The diagnosis was confirmed by the demonstration of Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin in the faeces. After supportive treatment, breast-milk feeding and lactobacillus supplementation he made a complete recovery. If spores of C. botulinum are ingested, they can bind to the epithelium, germinate and produce toxin which causes botulism. Because of the composition of their intestinal flora, children below one year of age are at risk. Ingestion of honey is a well known risk factor. Contamination of Norwegian honey has never been reported but we recommend that honey should not be given to children during their first year of life.
婴儿肉毒中毒于1976年首次被描述，是最常见的肉毒中毒形式。大多数病例报告来自美国。该疾病在欧洲较为罕见，本文描述了挪威报告的首例患者。一名三个月大、具有挪威血统的男婴，因食用阿根廷蜂蜜而出现肉毒中毒症状。肌电图显示突触前神经肌肉功能障碍。粪便中A型肉毒梭菌神经毒素的检测证实了诊断。经过支持治疗、母乳喂养和补充乳酸菌后，他完全康复。如果摄入肉毒梭菌孢子，它们可附着于上皮细胞、发芽并产生导致肉毒中毒的毒素。由于一岁以下儿童肠道菌群的组成，他们面临风险。摄入蜂蜜是一个众所周知的风险因素。挪威蜂蜜从未被报告过受到污染，但我们建议一岁以内的儿童不应食用蜂蜜。
