Kaplan B J, Dewey D, Crawford S G, Fisher G C
Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Canada.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1998 Aug;20(4):518-28. doi: 10.1076/jcen.20.4.518.1477.
To separate the influence of inattentiveness from memory, we examined savings scores on material previously learned in 53 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 63 with a reading disability (RD), 63 with both ADHD and RD combined, and 112 controls. Children with reading disabilities were impaired in their ability to remember previously-learned material unless it was repeated over four trials, whereas children with only ADHD performed as well as the controls for material presented only once. Children with ADHD did perform poorly on three subtests that are sensitive to attention/ concentration. We conclude that ADHD is associated with impaired initial learning due to attention deficits, but that long-term retention of learned material is normal.
为了区分注意力不集中与记忆的影响，我们考察了53名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童、63名患有阅读障碍（RD）的儿童、63名同时患有ADHD和RD的儿童以及112名对照组儿童在先前所学材料上的节省分数。患有阅读障碍的儿童在记忆先前所学材料方面能力受损，除非该材料经过四次重复试验，而仅患有ADHD的儿童在材料仅呈现一次时的表现与对照组相当。患有ADHD的儿童在对注意力/专注力敏感的三个子测试中表现不佳。我们得出结论，ADHD与因注意力缺陷导致的初始学习受损有关，但所学材料的长期保持是正常的。
