Williams H, Robertson C, Stewart A, Aït-Khaled N, Anabwani G, Anderson R, Asher I, Beasley R, Björkstén B, Burr M, Clayton T, Crane J, Ellwood P, Keil U, Lai C, Mallol J, Martinez F, Mitchell E, Montefort S, Pearce N, Shah J, Sibbald B, Strachan D, von Mutius E, Weiland S K
Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jan;103(1 Pt 1):125-38. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(99)70536-1.
Little is known about the prevalence of atopic eczema outside Northern Europe.
We sought to describe the magnitude and variation in the prevalence of atopic eczema symptoms throughout the world.
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on random samples of schoolchildren aged 6 to 7 years and 13 to 14 years from centers in 56 countries throughout the world. Those children with a positive response to being questioned about the presence of an itchy relapsing skin rash in the last 12 months that had affected their skin creases were considered to have atopic eczema. Children whose atopic eczema symptoms resulted in sleep disturbance for 1 or more nights per week were considered to have severe atopic eczema.
Complete data was available for 256,410 children aged 6 to 7 years in 90 centers and 458,623 children aged 13 to 14 years in 153 centers. The prevalence range for symptoms of atopic eczema was from less than 2% in Iran to over 16% in Japan and Sweden in the 6 to 7 year age range and less than 1% in Albania to over 17% in Nigeria for the 13 to 14 year age range. Higher prevalences of atopic eczema symptoms were reported in Australasia and Northern Europe, and lower prevalences were reported in Eastern and Central Europe and Asia. Similar patterns were seen for symptoms of severe atopic eczema.
Atopic eczema is a common health problem for children and adolescents throughout the world. Symptoms of atopic eczema exhibit wide variations in prevalence both within and between countries inhabited by similar ethnic groups, suggesting that environmental factors may be critical in determining disease expression. Studies that include objective skin examinations are required to confirm these findings.
北欧以外地区特应性皮炎的患病率鲜为人知。
我们试图描述全球范围内特应性皮炎症状患病率的规模和变化情况。
对来自全球56个国家中心的6至7岁和13至14岁学童随机样本进行横断面问卷调查。那些在过去12个月中被问及有影响皮肤褶皱的瘙痒复发性皮疹且回答为阳性的儿童被认为患有特应性皮炎。特应性皮炎症状导致每周有1个或更多夜晚睡眠障碍的儿童被认为患有重度特应性皮炎。
90个中心的256,410名6至7岁儿童和153个中心的458,623名13至14岁儿童有完整数据。在6至7岁年龄组中，特应性皮炎症状的患病率范围从伊朗的不到2%到日本和瑞典的超过16%；在13至14岁年龄组中，从阿尔巴尼亚的不到1%到尼日利亚的超过17%。在澳大拉西亚和北欧报告的特应性皮炎症状患病率较高，而在东欧、中欧和亚洲报告的患病率较低。重度特应性皮炎症状也呈现类似模式。
特应性皮炎是全球儿童和青少年常见的健康问题。特应性皮炎症状在同种族居住的国家内部和国家之间患病率差异很大，这表明环境因素在决定疾病表现方面可能至关重要。需要包括客观皮肤检查的研究来证实这些发现。
