Dykens E M, Rosner B A, Butterbaugh G
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 1998 Oct;7(4):757-71, viii.
This article reviews findings to date on the effects of exercise and sports in children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. Although much work remains, exercise and sports are associated with reduced maladaptive behavior in children with disabilities, as well as with improved physical fitness, self-esteem, and social competence. Improved physical and psychosocial functioning are found in studies of both children and adults with mental retardation, as well as in research on athletes enrolled in Special Olympics International, the largest recreational sport program in the world for persons with developmental disabilities. The review ends with recommendations for promoting recreation and sports in children and adolescents with disabilities.
本文回顾了迄今为止关于运动和体育活动对发育障碍儿童及青少年影响的研究结果。尽管仍有许多工作要做，但运动和体育活动与残疾儿童适应不良行为的减少以及身体素质、自尊和社交能力的提高相关。在对智力障碍儿童和成人的研究中，以及在对参加国际特殊奥林匹克运动会（世界上最大的针对发育障碍者的娱乐性体育项目）的运动员的研究中，都发现了身体和心理社会功能的改善。本文最后提出了促进残疾儿童和青少年参与娱乐和体育活动的建议。
