Lundberg J, Ljung B, Stage (McMurphy) D, Dahlström A
Cell Tissue Res. 1976 Sep 6;172(1):15-27. doi: 10.1007/BF00226046.
The postnatal development of the adrenergic innervation pattern in the rat portal vein has been studied with the histochemical fluorescence method of Hillarp and Falck. Stretch preparations and transverse freeze-dried sections of intact portal veins were studied from rats during the first 5 weeks of life and from adult rats. Orientation of undifferentiated smooth muscle cells into two layers was observed at 4 days of age. Dominance of the thick outer longitudinal muscle layer was apparent at two weeks of age. A terminal adrenergic nerve plexus with some varicosities was restricted outside the media at the end of the first week. Ingrowth of penetrating non-terminal adrenergic nerve fibers through the longitudinal muscle layer occurred during the second week of age when the main terminal nerve plexus was developing between the two muscle layers. After 3 weeks of age the adult pattern of a two-dimensional adrenergic plexus between the muscle was established. In the adult rat pharmacological treatment with nialamide and noradrenaline revealed the thin, penetrating non-terminal adrenergic nerve fibers in the longitudinal muscle layer which were poorly visible otherwise. The present observations strongly indicate that the main adrenergic plexus between the two muscle layers emanates directly from the outer axonal plexus. These findings are discussed regarding possible trophic interactions between ingrowing sympathetic adrenergic vasomotor nerves and maturing vascular smooth muscle.
采用希拉尔普和法尔克的组织化学荧光法，对大鼠门静脉肾上腺素能神经支配模式的出生后发育进行了研究。对出生后前5周的大鼠以及成年大鼠的完整门静脉拉伸标本和横向冻干切片进行了研究。在4日龄时观察到未分化的平滑肌细胞定向排列成两层。在2周龄时，厚的外层纵行肌层占优势明显。在第一周结束时，一个有一些膨体的终末肾上腺素能神经丛局限于中膜外。在2周龄时，当主要的终末神经丛在两层肌肉之间发育时，有穿透性非终末肾上腺素能神经纤维向内生长穿过纵行肌层。3周龄后，在肌肉之间建立了二维肾上腺素能丛的成年模式。在成年大鼠中，用尼亚酰胺和去甲肾上腺素进行药物处理后，发现纵行肌层中有细的、穿透性的非终末肾上腺素能神经纤维，否则这些纤维很难看到。目前的观察结果有力地表明，两层肌肉之间的主要肾上腺素能丛直接起源于外轴突丛。就生长中的交感肾上腺素能血管运动神经与成熟血管平滑肌之间可能的营养相互作用对这些发现进行了讨论。
