Werb Z, Chin J R
Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0750, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 Oct 23;857:110-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10111.x.
The role of proteinases in extracellular matrix remodeling during the developmental program of bone, cartilage, muscle, and epithelial differentiation in the mandibular arch during embryogenesis was investigated. ECM changes accompany morphogenesis during development. The most dramatic changes occur during development of bone and cartilage. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was altered by regulating expression of MMPs by growth factors, by inhibiting MMP activity, and by genetic ablation of MMPs. The data point to critical roles for MMPs in cartilage development and endochondral bone formation. MMPs appear to regulate not only ECM degradation but also programmed cell death, cell migration, and invasion during these morphogenic processes. The data suggest that matrix metalloproteinases play a pivotal role in the morphogenesis of structures derived from epithelium (oral sulcus), somitic mesoderm (tongue), and cranial neural crest (Meckel's cartilage).
研究了蛋白酶在胚胎发育过程中下颌弓骨、软骨、肌肉和上皮分化的发育程序中细胞外基质重塑中的作用。细胞外基质（ECM）的变化伴随着发育过程中的形态发生。最显著的变化发生在骨和软骨的发育过程中。通过生长因子调节基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）的表达、抑制MMP活性以及基因敲除MMPs，改变了MMPs的表达。数据表明MMPs在软骨发育和软骨内成骨中起关键作用。MMPs似乎不仅调节ECM降解，还调节这些形态发生过程中的程序性细胞死亡、细胞迁移和侵袭。数据表明基质金属蛋白酶在源自上皮（口腔沟）、体节中胚层（舌）和颅神经嵴（梅克尔软骨）的结构的形态发生中起关键作用。
