Feldman R, Greenbaum C W, Yirmiya N
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Dev Psychol. 1999 Jan;35(1):223-31. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.35.1.223.
This study examined relations between mother-infant affect synchrony and the emergence of children's self-control. Mother-infant face-to-face play and infant difficult temperament were examined at 3 and 9 months. Maternal and infant affective states at play were coded in 0.25-s frames, and synchrony was computed with cross-correlation functions. Self-control, verbal IQ, and maternal warm discipline were assessed at 2 years. Maternal synchrony with infant affect at 3 months (infant-leads-mother-follows relation) and mutual synchrony at 9 months (cross-dependence between maternal and infant affect) were each related to self-control at 2 years when temperament, IQ, and maternal style were partialed. Infant temperament moderated the relations of synchrony and self-control, and closer associations were found between mutual synchrony and self-control for difficult infants. Shorter lags to maternal synchrony at 3 months were independently related to self-control. The mutual regulation of affect in infancy, as moderated by temperament, is proposed as an important contributor to the emergence of self-regulation.
本研究考察了母婴情感同步与儿童自我控制能力出现之间的关系。在3个月和9个月时对母婴面对面互动游戏以及婴儿的困难型气质进行了考察。游戏过程中母婴的情感状态以0.25秒的时间帧进行编码，并通过互相关函数计算同步性。在2岁时评估儿童的自我控制能力、语言智商和母亲的温暖教养方式。当控制了气质、智商和母亲教养方式后，3个月时母亲与婴儿情感的同步性（婴儿主导-母亲跟随关系）以及9个月时的相互同步性（母婴情感的相互依赖）均与2岁时的自我控制能力相关。婴儿气质调节了同步性与自我控制能力之间的关系，对于困难型婴儿，相互同步性与自我控制能力之间的关联更为紧密。3个月时母亲同步性的较短滞后时间与自我控制能力独立相关。气质调节下的婴儿期情感相互调节被认为是自我调节能力出现的重要因素。
