Baquero F, García-Rodríguez J A, García de Lomas J, Aguilar L
Microbiology Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Feb;43(2):357-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.43.2.357.
A nationwide susceptibility surveillance of 1,113 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates was carried out and found the following percentages of resistance: cefuroxime, 46%; penicillin, 37%; macrolides, 33%; aminopenicillins, 24%; cefotaxime, 13%; and ceftriaxone, 8%. A significant (P < 0.05) seasonality pattern for beta-lactam antibiotics was observed. Resistance to macrolides was higher (P < 0.05) in middle-ear samples. Higher percentages of resistance to cefuroxime and macrolides were observed among penicillin-intermediate and -resistant strains, whereas high frequencies of resistance to aminopenicillins and expanded-spectrum cephalosporins were observed only among penicillin-resistant strains.
对1113株肺炎链球菌分离株进行了全国性药敏监测,结果发现耐药百分比情况如下:头孢呋辛,46%;青霉素,37%;大环内酯类,33%;氨基青霉素,24%;头孢噻肟,13%;头孢曲松,8%。观察到β-内酰胺类抗生素存在显著的(P<0.05)季节性模式。中耳样本中对大环内酯类的耐药性更高(P<0.05)。在青霉素中介和耐药菌株中观察到对头孢呋辛和大环内酯类的耐药百分比更高,而仅在青霉素耐药菌株中观察到对氨基青霉素和广谱头孢菌素的高耐药频率。