Lee P P, Smith J P, Kington R S
RAND, Santa Monica, California, USA.
Ophthalmology. 1999 Feb;106(2):401-5. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90082-9.
To describe the associations between self-reported visual and hearing impairment and an index of global functional status among community-dwelling, middle-aged Americans.
Cross-sectional.
A total of 9744 U.S. community-dwelling persons 51 to 61 years of age participated.
Multivariate analyses of functional status based on cross-sectional data from Wave I (1992) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), controlling for demographic and socioeconomic status, common chronic medical conditions, and general health status, were performed.
A global index of functional status based on self-reported limitations in 17 activities was measured.
Approximately 3% of respondents in the HRS rated their vision or hearing as poor. Even after controlling for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, medical conditions, and general health status, limitations in both vision and hearing were independently correlated with worse functional status. In addition, controlling for income, wealth, and education reduced the strength of the associations between vision and hearing impairment and function, but did not eliminate them. The magnitude of effect of poor vision exceeded all medical conditions except stroke.
Visual and hearing impairment appear to have a significant relationship with overall functional status, among even community-dwelling, middle-aged Americans and even after controlling for general health status, medical comorbidities, and socioeconomic status.
描述自我报告的视力和听力障碍与美国社区居住的中年人的整体功能状态指数之间的关联。
横断面研究。
共有9744名年龄在51至61岁之间的美国社区居住者参与。
基于健康与退休研究（HRS）第一波（1992年）的横断面数据对功能状态进行多变量分析，控制人口统计学和社会经济状况、常见慢性疾病以及总体健康状况。
测量基于自我报告的17项活动受限情况的功能状态综合指数。
HRS中约3%的受访者将他们的视力或听力评为差。即使在控制了人口统计学因素、社会经济状况、疾病状况和总体健康状况之后，视力和听力受限仍与较差的功能状态独立相关。此外，控制收入、财富和教育程度会降低视力和听力障碍与功能之间关联的强度，但并未消除这种关联。视力差的影响程度超过了除中风以外的所有疾病。
即使在控制了总体健康状况、合并症和社会经济状况之后，视力和听力障碍在社区居住的美国中年人中似乎也与整体功能状态存在显著关系。
