Nars P W
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1976 Jul 10;106(28):945-53.
74 premature infants with a birth weight of 1000 g or less were hospitalized in the period 1963-1975. 20 babies survived the first 4 weeks of life and 2 died during the second month of life from progressive lung disease. 77% of all patients were mechanically ventilated and 9 ventilated patients survived. The main causes of death were cerebral hemorrhage, severe asphyxia and septicemia. Prognosis was impaired by hypothermia, IRDS, gestational age below 27 weeks and premature rupture of membranes with bacterial infection. At the age of 1 year 8 out of 12 survivors followed up showed normal mental and motoric development. 3 children had minor or obvious signs of cerebral paresis and one further child has partial retrolental fibroplasia. Due to modern intensive care the survival rate of these very small premature babies has now reached 40%. The prognosis is favourably influenced by optimal obstetric and neonatal care, while special precautions should be undertaken to avoid hypothermia. Our results with mechanical ventilation justify the administration of full intensive care to these very small premature babies.
1963年至1975年期间，74名出生体重1000克及以下的早产儿住院治疗。20名婴儿度过了生命的前4周，2名婴儿在出生后第二个月死于进行性肺部疾病。所有患者中有77%接受了机械通气，9名接受通气的患者存活下来。主要死亡原因是脑出血、严重窒息和败血症。体温过低、呼吸窘迫综合征、孕龄低于27周以及胎膜早破合并细菌感染会影响预后。在1岁时，对12名存活的随访者进行随访，其中8名显示精神和运动发育正常。3名儿童有轻微或明显的脑瘫体征，另有1名儿童有部分晶状体后纤维增生。由于现代重症监护，这些极低体重早产儿的存活率现已达到40%。最佳的产科和新生儿护理对预后有积极影响，同时应采取特殊预防措施避免体温过低。我们机械通气的结果证明应对这些极低体重早产儿进行全面重症监护。
