Dagan R, Fraser D, Roitman M, Slater P, Anis E, Ashkenazi S, Kassis I, Miron D, Leventhal A
Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Vaccine. 1999 Jan;17(2):134-41. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00165-0.
An ongoing nationwide prospective surveillance program for invasive H. influenzae b (Hib) disease in Israel enabled us to study the effectiveness of a national infant Hib immunization program, which included all infants born since January 1994. The vaccine used was Hib polysaccharide conjugated to outer membrane protein complex of Neisseria meningitidis b (PRP-OMPC). For the cohort born during the 3 years since January 1994, the vaccine effectiveness was 94.9% for all invasive Hib diseases and 96.6% for meningitis. The efficacy in fully immunized subjects was 98.7 and 99.5%, respectively. A herd immunity effect could be observed, since a reduction in cases also occurred among infants too young to be immunized. No increase in invasive cases caused by S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis was observed during the study period. This is the first report outside North America and Western Europe that demonstrates a nationwide extensive reduction of invasive Hib disease within a short time of the introduction of Hib conjugate vaccines to the infant immunization program.
以色列正在进行的一项针对侵袭性b型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）疾病的全国性前瞻性监测项目，使我们能够研究一项全国性婴儿Hib免疫计划的效果，该计划涵盖了自1994年1月以来出生的所有婴儿。所使用的疫苗是与b型脑膜炎奈瑟菌外膜蛋白复合物结合的Hib多糖（PRP-OMPC）。对于1994年1月以来3年期间出生的队列，所有侵袭性Hib疾病的疫苗效力为94.9%，脑膜炎的疫苗效力为96.6%。在完全免疫的受试者中，效力分别为98.7%和99.5%。可以观察到群体免疫效应，因为在太小而无法免疫的婴儿中病例数也有所减少。在研究期间，未观察到肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的侵袭性病例增加。这是北美和西欧以外的第一份报告，表明在婴儿免疫计划中引入Hib结合疫苗后短时间内，侵袭性Hib疾病在全国范围内大幅减少。
