Seifert H
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Germany.
Zentralbl Bakteriol. 1998 Dec;288(4):509-18. doi: 10.1016/s0934-8840(98)80070-4.
The in vitro activity of trovafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, fleroxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem against 613 consecutively recovered blood isolates from recently hospitalized patients. Susceptibility testing was performed by agar dilution according to NCCLS guidelines. Test strains included Acinetobacter species (n = 26), Escherichia coli (n = 137), Enterobacter species (n = 27), Klebsiella species (n = 42), Proteus species (n = 16), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 28), Serratia marcescens (n = 13), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 7), enterococci (n = 54), coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 38), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 137), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 27), beta-haemolytic streptococci (n = 13), and viridans group streptococci (n = 48). The overall respective MICs at which 50% and 90% of isolates were inhibited (MIC50s and MIC90s) were as follows: trovafloxacin, 0.06 and 1 mg/l; ciprofloxacin, 0.25 and 4 mg/l; ofloxacin, 0.5 and 4 mg/l; fleroxacin, 0.5 and 16 mg/l; ceftazidime, 2 and 128 mg/l; piperacillin/tazobactam, 2 and 8 mg/l; meropenem, 0.06 and 4 mg/l. For the quinolones, the rank order of activity against gram-negative microorganisms was ciprofloxacin > trovafloxacin > ofloxacin = fleroxacin, against gram-positive organisms, trovafloxacin > ciprofloxacin = ofloxacin > fleroxacin. Data obtained showed the similar activity of trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin against gram-negative pathogens and the superior activity of trovafloxacin against gram-positive bacteria thus making it a potential candidate for the empiric treatment of patients with suspected bacteremia and sepsis.
将新型氟喹诺酮类药物曲伐沙星的体外活性与环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、氟罗沙星、头孢他啶、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦和美罗培南进行比较,以检测其对近期住院患者连续分离出的613株血液病原菌的活性。根据美国国家临床实验室标准委员会(NCCLS)指南,采用琼脂稀释法进行药敏试验。受试菌株包括不动杆菌属(26株)、大肠埃希菌(137株)、肠杆菌属(27株)、克雷伯菌属(42株)、变形杆菌属(16株)、铜绿假单胞菌(28株)、粘质沙雷菌(13株)、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(7株)、肠球菌(54株)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(38株)、金黄色葡萄球菌(137株)、肺炎链球菌(27株)、β-溶血性链球菌(13株)和草绿色链球菌(48株)。抑制50%和90%菌株生长的最低抑菌浓度(MIC50和MIC90)总体分别如下:曲伐沙星,0.06和1mg/L;环丙沙星,0.25和4mg/L;氧氟沙星,0.5和4mg/L;氟罗沙星,0.5和16mg/L;头孢他啶,2和128mg/L;哌拉西林/他唑巴坦,2和8mg/L;美罗培南,0.06和4mg/L。对于喹诺酮类药物,对革兰阴性微生物的活性排序为环丙沙星>曲伐沙星>氧氟沙星=氟罗沙星,对革兰阳性菌,曲伐沙星>环丙沙星=氧氟沙星>氟罗沙星。所得数据表明,曲伐沙星和环丙沙星对革兰阴性病原菌活性相似,曲伐沙星对革兰阳性菌活性更强,因此它是疑似菌血症和败血症患者经验性治疗的潜在候选药物。