Fullam C, Lando A R, Johansen M L, Reyes A, Szaloczy D M
Nurse Executive Program, Teachers' College/Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Nurs Econ. 1998 Sep-Oct;16(5):254-7, 253.
Empowerment is defined as "moving decision making down to the lowest level where competent decisions can be made." In the hospital setting, this would most commonly be at the point of direct patient care or staff nurse level; however, this kind of empowerment requires an environment of autonomy where mutual trust and respect are encouraged. The empowerment process requires that staff be prepared to accept and effectively use expanded decision-making responsibilities. The professional accountabilities of the empowered nurse include having a sense of value about their work and willingness to provide the full scope of practice as well as ability to work as equal members of a comprehensive interdisciplinary team. In order to move into a fully empowered position, professional nurses need mentoring, education, awareness of political activism opportunities, and networking skills.
赋权被定义为“将决策权力下放到能够做出明智决策的最低层级”。在医院环境中，这通常是在直接的患者护理点或 staff nurse 级别；然而，这种赋权需要一个鼓励相互信任和尊重的自主环境。赋权过程要求员工准备好接受并有效利用扩大的决策责任。被赋权护士的专业责任包括对其工作有价值感、愿意提供全面的执业范围，以及作为综合跨学科团队的平等成员开展工作的能力。为了进入完全赋权的状态，专业护士需要指导、教育、了解政治行动主义机会以及网络技能。 （注：这里“staff nurse”直译为“ staff 护士”，不太明确其在医院语境中的准确中文表述，可根据实际情况调整，比如“普通护士”等 ）
