Feigal E G
Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Jan 29;1423(1):C1-9. doi: 10.1016/s0304-419x(98)00033-x.
The appearance in 1981 of a usually rare malignancy, Kaposi's sarcoma, in homosexual men [1] was one of the first harbingers of an epidemic caused by a retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Lymphoid and other malignancies were also increased, most strikingly non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Advances in molecular biology, immunology, virology, and anti-viral therapy have combined to create unique research opportunities. One developing theme is the role of viral co-infection and malignancy. Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and papilloma virus each may have a causal role in the development of HIV-associated malignancy. New antiretroviral therapies are able to substantially reverse or delay the profound immunosuppression of HIV infection. The changes in the epidemiology of malignancies, and understanding the mechanism of action of these new therapeutics provide research opportunities to understand the pathogenesis of these malignancies. The opportunities to discover the consequences of T-cell based immunodeficiency and the interactions with specific viral pathogens will likely lead to progress in HIV treatment and new strategies for other malignancies.
1981年，一种通常较为罕见的恶性肿瘤——卡波西肉瘤出现在同性恋男性中[1]，这是由逆转录病毒人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引发的流行病的首批预兆之一，HIV会导致获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）。淋巴及其他恶性肿瘤也有所增加，最显著的是非霍奇金淋巴瘤和原发性中枢神经系统（CNS）淋巴瘤。分子生物学、免疫学、病毒学及抗病毒治疗方面的进展共同创造了独特的研究机会。一个正在发展的主题是病毒合并感染与恶性肿瘤的关系。人类疱疹病毒8型（HHV8）、爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）和乳头瘤病毒各自可能在HIV相关恶性肿瘤的发生中起因果作用。新型抗逆转录病毒疗法能够大幅逆转或延缓HIV感染导致的严重免疫抑制。恶性肿瘤流行病学的变化以及对这些新疗法作用机制的理解，为了解这些恶性肿瘤的发病机制提供了研究机会。发现基于T细胞的免疫缺陷的后果以及与特定病毒病原体的相互作用，可能会推动HIV治疗取得进展，并为其他恶性肿瘤带来新策略。
