Kashparov V A, Oughton D H, Zvarich S I, Protsak V P, Levchuk S E
Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology, Kiev.
Health Phys. 1999 Mar;76(3):251-9. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199903000-00006.
Weathering of fuel particles and the subsequent leaching of radionuclides causes 90Sr mobility in Chernobyl soils to increase with time after deposition. Studies of 90Sr speciation in soils collected in 1995 and 1996 from the Chernobyl 30-km exclusion zone have been used to calculate rates of fuel particles dissolution under natural environmental conditions. Results show that the velocity of fuel particle dissolution is primarily dependent on the physico-chemical characteristics of the particles and partially dependent on soil acidity. Compared to other areas, the fuel particle dissolution rate is significantly lower in the contaminated areas to the west of the Chernobyl reactor where deposited particles were presumably not oxidized prior to release. The data have been used to derive mathematical models that describe the rate of radionuclide leaching from fuel particles in the exclusion zone and changes in soil-to-plant transfer as a function of particle type and soil pH.
燃料颗粒的风化以及随后放射性核素的浸出导致切尔诺贝利土壤中90锶的迁移率随着沉积后的时间而增加。对1995年和1996年从切尔诺贝利30公里禁区采集的土壤中90锶形态的研究已被用于计算自然环境条件下燃料颗粒的溶解速率。结果表明，燃料颗粒的溶解速度主要取决于颗粒的物理化学特性，部分取决于土壤酸度。与其他地区相比，切尔诺贝利反应堆以西受污染地区的燃料颗粒溶解速率明显较低，据推测，那里沉积的颗粒在释放前没有被氧化。这些数据已被用于推导数学模型，该模型描述了禁区内燃料颗粒中放射性核素的浸出速率以及土壤到植物的转移随颗粒类型和土壤pH值的变化。
