Anderson J W, Gilliland S E
Metabolic Research Group, VA Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40511, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1999 Feb;18(1):43-50. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1999.10718826.
Two controlled clinical studies were performed to examine effects of consumption of one daily serving of fermented milk (FM) (yogurt) on serum lipids.
In the first study, subjects were randomly allocated to FM containing Lactobacillus acidophilus L1 of human origin or to FM containing L. acidophilus ATCC 43211 of swine origin. In this single-blind study, subjects consumed one 200 ml serving of FM daily for 3 weeks. The second study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Subjects completed a 4-week first treatment, had a 2-week washout, and completed a second 4-week treatment. In the second study subjects consumed FM containing L. acidophilus L1 or placebo FM over 4 weeks.
In the first study, FM containing L. acidophilus L1 was accompanied by a 2.4% (p<0.05) reduction of serum cholesterol concentration. In the second study, strain L1 reduced serum cholesterol concentration by 3.2% (p<0.05) in the first treatment period. In the second treatment period there were no significant changes in serum cholesterol concentration. Combined analysis of the two L1 treatment studies demonstrated a 2.9% (p<0.01) reduction in serum cholesterol concentration.
Since every 1% reduction in serum cholesterol concentration is associated with an estimated 2% to 3% reduction in risk for coronary heart disease, regular intake of FM containing an appropriate strain of L. acidophilus has the potential of reducing risk for coronary heart disease by 6 to 10%.
进行两项对照临床研究，以检验每日食用一份发酵乳（FM）（酸奶）对血脂的影响。
在第一项研究中，受试者被随机分配至食用含源自人类的嗜酸乳杆菌L1的FM组或食用含源自猪的嗜酸乳杆菌ATCC 43211的FM组。在这项单盲研究中，受试者每日食用一份200毫升的FM，持续3周。第二项研究是一项双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉研究。受试者完成为期4周的首次治疗，有2周的洗脱期，然后完成第二次为期4周的治疗。在第二项研究中，受试者在4周内食用含嗜酸乳杆菌L1的FM或安慰剂FM。
在第一项研究中，食用含嗜酸乳杆菌L1的FM后，血清胆固醇浓度降低了2.4%（p<0.05）。在第二项研究中，在第一个治疗期，菌株L1使血清胆固醇浓度降低了3.2%（p<0.05）。在第二个治疗期，血清胆固醇浓度没有显著变化。对两项L1治疗研究的综合分析表明，血清胆固醇浓度降低了2.9%（p<0.01）。
由于血清胆固醇浓度每降低1%，估计冠心病风险会降低2%至3%，因此定期摄入含有合适嗜酸乳杆菌菌株的FM有潜力将冠心病风险降低6%至10%。
