Boye B, Bentsen H, Notland T H, Munkvold O G, Lersbryggen A B, Oskarsson K H, Uren G, Ulstein I, Bjørge H, Lingjaerde O, Malt U F
Blakstad Hospital, Asker, Norway.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1999 Jan;34(1):35-43. doi: 10.1007/s001270050109.
The expressed emotion (EE) index may not be as stable as it was once believed to be. The aim of this study was to identify variables associated with spontaneous change from low to high and from high to low levels of EE and EE subscales--critical comments (CC), hostility (H), emotional overinvolvement (EOI). Using a longitudinal, prospective study design, of 59 relatives having at least weekly face-to-face contact with 40 patients with an acute episode or relapse into schizophrenia (DSM-III-R) were interviewed by means of the Camberwell Family Interview (CFI) at admission and at 4 1/2 months after discharge. The results showed that high-high or unstable levels of CC, H or EE were associated with the patient not working or studying prior to admission. Relatives with low-high and high-high EOI patterns had more weekly face-to-face contact with the patient prior to admission than relatives with a low-low EOI pattern. Patients whose relatives had low-high CC and EE patterns were less ill at admission than patients whose relatives had low-low patterns. Higher perceived family burden was associated with, at admission, an unstable pattern of CC, and at follow-up, high-high EOI or EE patterns rather than low-low patterns. Our study suggests that it is possible to identify which relatives will have a stable and which a changing EE level, allowing for more focused intervention.
情感表达（EE）指数可能并不像人们曾经认为的那样稳定。本研究的目的是确定与EE及其分量表（批评性评论（CC）、敌意（H）、情感过度卷入（EOI））从低到高以及从高到低的自发变化相关的变量。采用纵向前瞻性研究设计，对59名亲属进行研究，这些亲属与40名患有精神分裂症急性发作或复发（DSM-III-R）的患者至少每周有一次面对面接触，在入院时和出院后4个半月通过坎伯韦尔家庭访谈（CFI）进行访谈。结果显示，CC、H或EE的高高或不稳定水平与患者入院前未工作或学习有关。与低低EOI模式的亲属相比，具有低高和高高EOI模式的亲属在入院前与患者每周有更多的面对面接触。亲属具有低高CC和EE模式的患者在入院时比亲属具有低低模式的患者病情较轻。较高的感知家庭负担在入院时与不稳定的CC模式相关，在随访时与高高EOI或EE模式而非低低模式相关。我们的研究表明，可以确定哪些亲属的EE水平将保持稳定，哪些亲属的EE水平会发生变化，从而进行更有针对性的干预。
