Schreiber J L, Breier A, Pickar D
National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Br J Psychiatry. 1995 May;166(5):647-9. doi: 10.1192/bjp.166.5.647.
This exploratory study addresses the question of whether expressed emotion (EE) is a response characteristic of the parent (trait) or a parental response to specific circumstances or persons (state).
Seventeen parents participated in two audiotaped interviews, using modified versions of the Camberwell Family Interview. One interview concerned the child with chronic schizophrenia and the other a well sibling. Subsequent ratings of the EE variables of critical comments (CC), emotional overinvolvement (EOI) and warmth were completed and compared.
EE response patterns directed towards patients, as compared with towards siblings, were significantly different on two measures: EOI (P = 0.01) and warmth (P = 0.02). The parents showed significantly more emotional overinvolvement with the child with schizophrenia and significantly more warmth towards the well child.
These data suggest that the EE variables of EOI and warmth are related to the state of child, and the lack of a significant difference in CC suggests that this is a parental trait.
本探索性研究探讨了情感表达（EE）是父母的一种反应特征（特质）还是父母对特定情况或人物的反应（状态）这一问题。
17位家长参与了两次录音访谈，使用的是改良版的坎伯韦尔家庭访谈。一次访谈围绕患有慢性精神分裂症的孩子展开，另一次围绕健康的兄弟姐妹展开。随后完成并比较了对批评性评论（CC）、情感过度卷入（EOI）和温情等EE变量的评分。
在两项指标上，与针对兄弟姐妹相比，针对患者的EE反应模式存在显著差异：情感过度卷入（P = 0.01）和温情（P = 0.02）。家长对患有精神分裂症的孩子表现出明显更多的情感过度卷入，对健康孩子表现出明显更多的温情。
这些数据表明，情感过度卷入和温情的EE变量与孩子的状态有关，而批评性评论方面无显著差异表明这是一种父母特质。
