Garraway W M, Akhtar A J, Gore S M, Prescott R J, Smith R G
Age Ageing. 1976 Nov;5(4):233-40. doi: 10.1093/ageing/5.4.233.
Clinical assessments have to be used in epidemiological studies in the absence of more objective means of establishing diagnosis or recording events in the natural history of disease. This requires the standardization of definition, technique and interpretation as a means of reducing observer variability in clinical examination. The methods used to reduce the observer variation in the clinical assessment of stroke patients are described and results are presented which demonstrate the degree to which this was achieved.
在缺乏更客观的方法来确立疾病诊断或记录疾病自然史中的事件时，临床评估必须用于流行病学研究。这就需要对定义、技术和解释进行标准化，以此作为减少临床检查中观察者变异性的一种手段。本文描述了用于减少中风患者临床评估中观察者变异性的方法，并展示了所取得的成效。
