Orihuela P A, Ortiz M E, Croxatto H B
Unidad de Reproducción y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Biol Reprod. 1999 Apr;60(4):908-13. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod60.4.908.
In order to examine whether sperm migration into and through the oviduct follows an invariable pattern or is subject to regulation, rats in proestrus, estrus, metestrus, or diestrus were inseminated in the upper third of each uterine horn with 10-20 million epididymal spermatozoa. Three or eight hours later, the numbers of spermatozoa free and adhering to the epithelium in the ampullary and isthmic segments were determined. A significantly higher number of spermatozoa were recovered in estrus than in other stages, at 3 h than at 8 h, and at all stages from the isthmus than from the ampulla. Spermatozoa adhering to the epithelium were observed only in proestrus and estrus and in the isthmus. The effect of exogenous estradiol-17beta (E2) and progesterone (P4) on sperm migration was investigated in rats in which the estrous cycle was inhibited pharmacologically. E2 facilitated sperm migration into the oviduct and P4 antagonized this effect, whereas P4 alone had no effect. Concomitant treatment with E2+P4 induced adhesion of spermatozoa to the oviductal epithelium. In conclusion, the pattern of sperm migration into and through the rat oviduct varies with the stage of the cycle, being dependent on E2 and P4. The adhesion of spermatozoa to the rat oviductal epithelium is stage- and segment-specific and requires the combined action of both hormones.
为了研究精子进入并通过输卵管的过程是遵循固定模式还是受调控，将处于动情前期、动情期、动情后期或动情间期的大鼠，在每个子宫角上三分之一处注入1000万至2000万个附睾精子。3或8小时后，测定壶腹部和峡部游离及附着于上皮的精子数量。动情期回收的精子数量显著高于其他阶段，3小时时高于8小时，且在所有阶段，峡部回收的精子数量均多于壶腹部。仅在动情前期和动情期以及峡部观察到有精子附着于上皮。在通过药物抑制发情周期的大鼠中，研究了外源性雌二醇-17β（E2）和孕酮（P4）对精子迁移的影响。E2促进精子向输卵管内迁移，P4则拮抗此作用，而单独使用P4无作用。E2 + P4联合处理可诱导精子附着于输卵管上皮。总之，精子进入并通过大鼠输卵管的模式随发情周期阶段而异，依赖于E2和P4。精子附着于大鼠输卵管上皮具有阶段和节段特异性，且需要两种激素的共同作用。
