Dhingra N, Dhillon G P, Lal S
J Commun Dis. 1998 Sep;30(3):209-28.
Malaria Control efforts are existing in India since antiquity. Organised malaria control interventions were initiated in 1953 by launching of National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) which was soon converted to eradication in 1958. The initial success achieved was short-lived as malaria resurged in sixties. In 1977, Modified Plan of Operations was launched and the malaria decreased to 2-3 million cases in 1984 and was maintained at the same level. In 1994, after large scale epidemics were experienced, deaths due to malaria increased. WHO recommended a process-based approach to malaria control involving community with decentralized planning in the Global Malaria Control Strategy. Decentralised requires redefining the role and responsibilities at each level of implementation. To facilitate this and monitor the implementation of malaria control detailed process indicators have been developed.
印度自古以来就有疟疾防控工作。1953年启动了有组织的疟疾防控干预措施，即开展全国疟疾控制计划（NMCP），该计划于1958年很快转变为疟疾根除计划。最初取得的成功是短暂的，因为疟疾在60年代卷土重来。1977年，启动了修订后的行动计划，到1984年疟疾病例减少到200 - 300万例，并维持在这一水平。1994年，在经历大规模疫情后，疟疾死亡人数增加。世界卫生组织在全球疟疾控制战略中推荐了一种基于过程的疟疾控制方法，该方法涉及社区且规划分散。分散化要求重新界定各级实施工作中的角色和职责。为便于做到这一点并监测疟疾控制的实施情况，已制定了详细的过程指标。
