Brewer C
Stapleford Centre, Belgravia, London.
Bull N Y Acad Med. 1995 Winter;72(2):359-70.
After a brief historical review of British drug legislation and public and governmental attitudes, this paper describes the wide range of policies and practices that have appeared since the explosion of illicit drug abuse in the 1960s. The spectrum goes from a reluctance to prescribe at all to maintenance on injectable opiates. Comparisons are made with differing attitudes to the availability of abortion in public health services. Compared with 5 years ago, about three times more methadone is being prescribed. There is a steady increase in prescriptions for injectable methadone but heroin maintenance is still rare. The "British System" permits great flexibility in the choice of opiates for maintenance. Some amphetamine-prescribing programmes also exist. Hair analysis for drugs to monitor levels of both prescribed and unprescribed drugs is a welcome and promising alternative to undignified and often misleading urine tests.
在对英国毒品立法以及公众和政府态度进行简要历史回顾之后，本文描述了自20世纪60年代非法药物滥用激增以来出现的一系列广泛政策和做法。范围从完全不愿开处方到使用注射用阿片类药物维持治疗。文中将其与公共卫生服务中对堕胎可及性的不同态度进行了比较。与5年前相比，美沙酮的处方量增加了约三倍。注射用美沙酮的处方量稳步上升，但海洛因维持治疗仍然很少见。“英国体系”在选择用于维持治疗的阿片类药物方面允许很大的灵活性。也存在一些安非他命处方项目。通过毛发分析检测药物以监测处方药和非处方药的水平，是一种比有失尊严且往往具有误导性的尿液检测更受欢迎且有前景的替代方法。
